Legal Ethics in Singapore

Legal Ethics Laws, regulations and codes of conduct attempts to define standards of behaviour for lawyers in society. They form an important part of the jurisdiction’s regulatory process. These laws and codes of conduct demand a certain standard in which legal professionals should adhere to in their professional and private lives. It also represents a standard of ethical behaviour defined by legislators and professional bodies. In Singapore, there are a number of primary sources of legal ethics. The following are the main sources of legal ethics: * The Legal Profession Act Subsidiary legislation * Practice directions from the courts * Practice directions form the Law Society * Judicial decisions and opinions on legal ethics Lawyers are bound to these laws and regulation and must adhere to them diligently so as to not straw away from ethical behaviour or to a harsher extent of being banned from practising law in Singapore. In essence, a lawyer’s duty can be categorized i nto two main groups. They are the lawyers (I) duty to the court and (ii) duty to the client. The tables below explain briefly, the various duties lawyers have to the court and to their clients. Lawyer’s duty to the Court Duty | Explanation| Truthfulness in Court| – Rule 2(2) A Professional Conduct Rules- Must not mislead the court| Responsibility to Client’s Conduct| – Responsible for client’s conduct and representation of the case| Honoring Undertaking to the Court| – A Lawyer’s word must be his bond| Respect for the Court| – Lawyer’ conduct must be consistent with standing, dignity & authority of the court | Responsibility in Assisting Administrative Justice| – Lawyers are officers of the court| Lawyer’s duty to the Client Duty | Explanation| Honesty| – Honesty in all dealings with the client| Diligence & Competence| – Lawyer is expected to exercise necessary skills and diligently apply himself to the case| Confidentiality| – Obligation to maintain confidentiality of all communication between him and client| Conflict of Interest| – Lawyer’s conduct must not be influenced by personal or private interests| A lawyer’s challenge is to balance his responsibilities to assist the court with his duty to look after the best interest of his client. In essence, his duty to the administration of justice is weighed higher than the duty he has to his client. However, it brings about a concern for lawyers when defending their clients. This can be seen in situations in where a lawyer has to exercise his judgement in introducing evidence to the court. If the lawyer does not exercise his judgement in the favour of the court, he is putting his client at a disadvantage. Therefore it is extremely important that a lawyer does adhere to his duty to the court without compromising the position or case of his in any way for it to be advantageous for all parties.

Many of the characters in ‘Of Mice and Men’ have dreams Essay

Many of the characters in ‘Of Mice and Men’ have dreams. What are their dreams and how near are any of them to achieving what they want? ‘Of Mice and Men’, written by John Steinbeck is a classic novel set in a ranch town in Salinas Valley, California. The novel may have been set here as a result of most of Steinbeck’s childhood being spent on his father’s farmland. His descriptions of the setting will have been aided by his first hand experience of the ranches of the area. The novel itself documents the lives of Lennie Small and George Milton. With Lennie being mentally challenged he has the psychological capabilities of a five year old. This means he has to be cared for by George because he acts childish and irresponsibly. For this reason, he often causes commotion within the ranch he is working. On many occasions disruption has occurred and occurs, George and Lennie are forced to leave their current ranch and start again at a new one. As they are always moving around, they never have a secure job and are always staying in temporary accommodation. With each time they move to a different ranch they dream more and more of having their own piece of land where they can be their own bosses and live off the crops they grow. This is shown by this quote, â€Å"†¦and we can live off the fatta the lan'† said by George. This is only one of the many dreams that feature in ‘Of Mice and Men’, however not one of the dreams featured in this novel are achieved. This reflected the harsh reality of the ‘Great Depression’ and the racial prejudice in society at the time. Steinbeck set ‘Of Mice and Men’ during the ‘Great Depression’, in the late 1920’s and the 1930’s. Many migrants came to California, from other parts of the world looking for work as America was seen as the ‘Land of Opportunity’. This glimpse of hope inspired many Europeans to emigrate as Europe, at the time, was overcrowded and disease ridden. America was believed to provide cheap land and no rigid class structure existed. These characteristics gave Europeans the chance of a completely different way of life to what they were used to. In 1929, America entered a prolonged period of economic deprivation due to the collapse of the New York stock exchange, ‘The Wall Street Crash’. Following ‘The Wall Street Crash’, many Americans who had invested great deals of money into stocks and shares lost almost all of their investments. In some cases, people would have lost their houses and life savings. During ‘The Great Depression’, failed businesses and long-term unemployment were of the norm. The hopes of those immigrants, who came to America looking for a new life, were dashed by this tragic event. America was certainly not the ‘Land of Opportunity’. George and Lennie travelled from ranch to ranch together. This was unusual as most ranch workers would only usually work at one ranch for no longer than a month or two. They would literally not have the time for friendship. This was one of the reasons that the average workers dream was for some sort of companionship. The fact that George and Lennie had travelled together so long is significant as they lived the dream of so many other workers. It would give them the chance of having an alternative dream, one of owning their own land on which they could live off. When travelling from ranch to ranch workers could not carry many possessions and so had nothing to show for their years of working. They would work and work but not really achieve much. They would spend the money they earned and then earn some more and repeat. This is illustrated in the quote, â€Å"..work up a stake and blow the stake†. A dream would be important as it would give a worker something to work towards instead of working with no real direction in their life. Many of the characters in the novel have dreams. The dream is a form of escape from reality of life. As previously stated, George and Lennie’s dream is to have a piece of land that they can call their own, tend it, grow crops and raise animals. However, Lennie specifically dreams of caring for rabbits. This shows his immaturity. He says, â€Å"†¦An’ have rabbits!† George is always repeating this ‘dream’ to Lennie. When he does depict the dream to Lennie, he uses exaggerative language and gets involved in the dream almost as much as Lennie. Both George and Lennie become excited when the dream is recalled. They swear, â€Å"†¦We’ll just say the hell with going to work†¦Ã¢â‚¬  , animating their eagerness to fulfil their dream. George and Lennie’s dream eventually fails. This is for a number of reasons. It is mainly because Lennie is such a burden to George. Because of Lennie’s mental incapability, he has no idea that he is making George’s life miserable. George says, â€Å"Course Lennie’s a God damn nuisance most of the time, but you get used to goin’ around with a guy an’ you can’t get rid of him† George is being held back by Lennie as they are constantly forced to change jobs, because of situations the Lennie gets them in to and therefore they can’t stay in work long enough to build up any sort of savings. The result of this is that they can not save up the money to achieve the ‘dream’. Lennie has limited social skills and so does not know how to interact with people. Instead, he finds comfort in touching things and is too tactile. This causes trouble as Lennie often touches women’s clothes and is misunderstood and seen to be abusive. For this reason, George has to keep a constant eye on Lennie. When Candy makes the proposal of entering their ‘dream’ in exchange for three hundred dollars, George suddenly sees some possibility of the ‘dream’ succeeding. Before, he had merely used the ‘dream’ as a pacifier for Lennie and had lulled himself into believing that it may happen so that he could continue bringing hope to Lennie. I think that sub-consciously he always knew that the ‘dream’ would never be a reality. With Candy’s financial input, the ‘dream’ could realistically be achieved within the month. However, an abrupt end to their hopes arrives. Lennie, in his childlike way, cannot conceive of the line where stroking stops and hurting begins in terms of petting, and he ends up accidently killing two animals by petting them violently. Most horrifically, at the climax of the story, he kills Curly’s wife in the same way. The fact that he killed her was the final blow to the ‘dream’. â€Å"I think I knowed from the very first. I think I knowed we’d never do her†, George says as he realizes the dream is inevitable. Lennie was inevitably going to be hunted down and shot on site. George, who is forced to join the manhunt for Lennie, decides that the kindest way out for both him and Lennie is to kill him when he finds him. He does this by luring Lennie into a false state of trust by reciting their ‘dream’ to him one last time. This sends Lennie off into death with his dream in his head. You can argue in some way Lennie has achieved his dream. Curly’s wife has a dream common to the period and today. She believes that she has the talent to become a Hollywood actress. She was convinced of this as when she was younger; she acquainted herself with a Hollywood director who deemed her suitable to be an actress in the ‘movies’. This is shown in a quote taken from a passage spoken by Curly’s wife, â€Å"An’ I coulda sat in them big hotels, an’ had pitchers took of me†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..An’ all them nice clothes they wear. Because this guy said I was a natural.† This ‘guy’ told her she would receive a letter from him explaining where to meet to develop her acting career. Her explanation of why she didn’t become an actress is idealistic at best. She believed that her mother stole that letter. However, this is an optimistic justification. It just so happens that shortly after Curley’s wife was given the hope of becoming an actress, she met Curley. When she realised that her dream of becoming an actress was truly over, she decided to marry Curley. She may have done this as, at the time, it was very difficult for a woman to get a job and live on her own. The main profession of women then was housewife. Most women would marry a modest worker but marrying a rich man who owned a ranch was a bonus. Life would be easy for Curley’s wife as she would not have to ‘lift a finger’. As there was such discrimination towards women, Curley’s wife found herself being ignored by the men on the ranch. She was not paid much attention by Curley and was seen by him as more of a trophy than a wife. These are the main reasons that Curley’s wife is not happy. She openly expresses that she does not even love Curley. â€Å"I don’t like Curley†. She regrets that she married him in the first place. She was not able to speak to anyone during the day as all of the men were out on the fields working. This causes her to be extremely lonely. At any chance she can she will speak to someone. When she speaks to Lennie in the barn, she says, â€Å"Why can’t I talk to you? I never get to talk to nobody. I get awful lonely.† This shows that she craves friendship. She is often prying on the men just looking for someone to talk to. She justifies this by saying to Slim â€Å"Hi, good lookin’. I’m tryin’ to find Curley, Slim.† The fact that she does not even have a name and is instead referred to as Curley’s wife shows her status on the ranch. It shows that she is so insignificant that she is not even deemed important enough to warrant a real name. She is looked down on and shown no respect by most of the men on the ranch. She also has the dream to be treated as equal to the men on the ranch. This is similar to Crooks’ dream. He just wants to be accepted by everyone else on the ranch. However, both Crooks and Curley’s wife have similar dreams which would lead you to think that they would sympathise with each other. The reality is quite opposite. Curley’s wife approaches Crooks in an aggressive manor and speaks to him in a demoralising way. She says, â€Å"Well you keep your place, then Nigger. I could get you strung up on a tree so easy it ain’t even funny!† She perhaps speaks to Crooks with no respect as he is the only person on the ranch over whom she has a higher status. Crooks and Candy try to enter George and Lennie’s dream. They both do this for their own reasons. Candy is worried about his future on the ranch. He believes that is nearing the point of becoming useless to the ranch owner. He needs some security so that when he does become of no use, he can settle down somewhere. Crooks feels socially isolated and needs to go somewhere that he will be treated as an equal. George, Lennie and Candy do not discriminate against Crooks as much as most. This is the reason that he would feel comfortable living in a house with them. Candy, when he enters the dream, provides financial power. He has three hundred dollars that he is willing to invest in the dream. When he first tries to join the dream, George responds in a negative and coy way. He says â€Å"You know a place like that?† [Candy] â€Å"S’pose I do? What’s that to you?† [George]. However, when George considers Candy’s proposition, he starts to think that the dream may actually become a reality. Candy is afraid that if he does not get somewhere that he can retire to, he may have no one to care for him. Eventually he will be seen of no use and disposed of, much like his dog. Crooks joins the dream as he feels he needs a ‘shelter from society’, somewhere that he is accepted for the person that he is and not judged by his skin colour or his disability. Crooks has no status and is treated with no respect on the ranch. He is frustrated with all of the racism directed towards him. He says, â€Å"If I say something, why, it’s just a nigger saying it†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Crooks had a taste of equality when he was a child. He was accepted by white children and has perhaps not accepted the fact that he is now a social outcast. He says,† The white kids come to play at our place, an’ sometimes I went to play with them, and some of them was pretty nice† He remembers what it was like to be an equal and wants to experience that feeling again. This is one of the reasons the Crooks joins the dream. Candy will soon be too old and frail to keep his job at the ranch. The fact that he only has one hand means that his job opportunities are very limited. He, much like Crooks, has no one in his life. He just watches workers come and go from the ranch. He would have somewhere to belong if he joined the dream. This is a very important psychologically as having a ‘place to call home’ can give Candy a reason to carry on living. All of these characters have dreams and their dreams are important to them. They all give their character some sort of goal to aim for and a ‘light at the end of the tunnel’. I believe Steinbeck is trying to make a point by including all of these dreams. I think he is trying to say that without dreams, we are all lost in our lives. We all need some sort of dream to keep us motivated. I think the novel was written to show the stranglehold that the ‘Great Depression’ had on America in the 1930’s. It also shows how hard the life of an itinerant worker was. ‘Of Mice and Men’ was very a descriptive and informative book. It made me realise that dreams, however small or big, are vital in life.

Components of American Economic Growth between 1820-1860 Essay

Despite the thrust of the Jeffersonians towards agrarian reliance and its expansion, by 1820 however, the American economy was moving more towards industry and technology. American economic growth was â€Å"linked to and influenced by events elsewhere in the world particularly in Great Britain which was the home of the Industrial Revolution. † The advance of industrialization fueled economic growth. There were the technological innovations that allowed for the increase in production. With the factory system, we see for the first time that goods were produced faster than the population could grow. It was fortunate that the United States has abundant supply of natural resources or raw materials necessary for the production of goods. Moreover, with increasing European migration to the Americas, the demand for additional workers necessary for economic expansion was met. There were other factors that contributed to this continued development. Improved transportation played a key role. There was a time that the Federalists and anti-Federalists were arguing against the viability and management of a continued expansion. This has now been rendered moot as canal-building projects in the 1820’s and 1830’s and the construction of the railroads which dramatically transformed this situation. Moreover, it was also instrumental in bringing about economic and geographic expansion. â€Å"Canals and railroads provided farmers, merchants and manufacturers with cheap and reliable access to markets and goods and encouraged Americans to settle the frontier and cultivate virgin lands. † Before the canals, the freight rates were prohibitive and it was not financially viable to produce more that the local market. Then, seeing Britain’s success with the steam-powered railways, the U. S. followed suit with the construction of its railroads which does not freeze over unlike canals. With railroad expansion, the U. S. experiences faster economic growth. â€Å"Goods, people, commercial information flowed even more predictably, rapidly and cheaply. † As well, improved transportation â€Å"stimulated agricultural expansion and regional specialization. † Rather than produce diverse products for local consumption, they can just import staples from other regions and focus instead on producing products that are high yield and suitable to their soil and climate. Hence, by the late 1830’s â€Å"the old Northwest had become the country’s granary while New England farmers turned to dairy products. † Then there was the infusion of capital from foreign investors and from the fast-growing merchant class. There were new investments and the rise of new enterprise. While cities had the major share of factory concentration which led to urbanization, there were one or two factories as well which located in the smaller towns. Local and state governments did their share in encouraging entrepreneurship by passing laws of incorporation, granting tax breaks or monopolistic control, underwriting bonds for improvement projects and provision of loans. Judicial decisions also created ownership and concept of property rights and the binding nature of contracts. There was also the rapid spread of education that fostered innovation, productivity, discipline and skills development. Then, there were the intangible factors. The Americans in this era were simply thinking differently. The entrepreneurial outlook was present and there was a constant drive for change and improvement. Work Cited â€Å"Economic Transformations in the Northeast and the Old Northwest. † Name of Book. XXX ed. Year Published.

Dell Direct and Not-So-Direct Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Dell Direct and Not-So-Direct - Case Study Example As a result Dell began to form alliances with retailers around the world to sell Dell products at their stores. Key Marketing Issues Branding – Dell was able to build a strong brand value in the United States, but the company has not been as effective at marketing its brand in other parts of the world. Dell was forced to change its business model to allow retailers to sell its products at retail outlets worldwide. Brand loyalty – The brand loyalty of the company is weak outside of the United States. Dell should increase its spending in advertising and marketing to solidify the brand value of the business entity. Channels of Distribution – Dell was effective at being the sole channel of distribution for its products for many years. As the business matured the company realized that further business growth required increasing its distribution channels. Retailers – Dell is now using retailers as a permanent strategy to achieve growth in market share. The firm has to identify the top retailers that can bring the company the maximum amount of sales. Wholesalers – Dell is using the wholesaling strategy to penetrate the market for business computers as well as governmental contracts. The firm has to adequately identify the required volume of sales and price per lot to ensure the firm maintains profitability. Personal Case Analysis Dell Computers was one of the biggest success stories in the high tech industry during the 1990’s and early part of the 21st century. The direct selling method was innovative because it allowed the customers the ability to customize their computers. The business model was helping the company achieve higher profit margins, while offering very competitive prices due to the fact that Dell eliminated the intermediaries. The strategy was tremendous, but it had an inert flaw that eventually caught up to the company. The strategy was not effective at attracting international clients. Once Dell reached the ma turity stage the firm had to seek expansion outside the United States. It became cheaper for Dell to outsource the selling function to retailers than to sell directly to customers in foreign countries because the company did not have the marketing expertise to target customers outside the United States. Case Questions 1. Is Dell using intensive, selective or exclusive distribution for its market coverage? Dell is using selective distribution is its market coverage of different parts of the world. The company has identified specific retailers they have targeted as business partners. The company has control over which retailers sell the firm’s products. Some of the retailers Dell has selected for distribution of its products include: Wal-Mart, Carphone Warehouse’s U.K. Stores, Bic Camara Japanese Stores, and Gome’s Chinese Store. 2. How does dell's preference for direct channels affect its decisions about physical distribution? The preference of Dell of selling di rectly to customers positively influenced the entire supply chain of the company. Dell was able to centralize its warehouses in strategic positions in the United States to be able to deliver the final product to its customers as fast as possible. The direct sale approach saved the company money because the firm had a lower obsolesce rate than other competitors. 3. What issues in channel conflict might arise from Dell's current distribution arrangements? The new channel approach Dell is using could cause

Criminal Justice (Probation and Parole) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Criminal Justice (Probation and Parole) - Essay Example The social learning theory focuses on how behavior is learned from social experiences. Behavior is learned from one’s own social environment. An act of deviance becomes a norm if it is accepted by the society that the individual lives in. A norm becomes a norm when it is socially accepted. In rehabilitation, social learning is important. It is needed in order to re-establish the norms that the individual has to live with. The social learning theory explains that behavior can be learned according to modeling and reinforcement. Strong predictors of criminal behavior is said to be linked to parent-child interaction as it serves as the model behavior of an individual. If the social environment of an individual strongly suggests violence as a norm, then the behavior of the individual will tend towards acts of violence. Thus, in rehabilitation, criminals are presented proper norms of behavior through models and examples that are adherent to the norms of the society. Norms and accept ed social values are presented to the criminals through socialization. In a rehabilitation program, these individuals are immersed in an environment where the rules are strongly structured to represent the parent-child interaction and social environment that will nurture positive values and behavior. Examples of programs that have relied upon the social learning theory are group therapies and peer programs. With this, it is believed that criminal behavior will be eliminated from the individual’s system. Another important aspect of rehabilitation is behavior modification. Behavior modification has its similarities with the social learning theory. This aims to modify the behavior of the criminal to re-establish proper behavior rather than deviant behavior. Rehabilitation aims to cure the criminal behavior through different processes such as social learning and behavior modification. It aims to modify or transform the criminal behavior into proper behavior that will be beneficial for the

Financial statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Financial statement - Essay Example (Strategos, 2014) An inventory turnover is the number times per year inventory is replaced. A quick turnover is desired in business because it is a reminder that inventories should not stay in the shelves too long. A high ratio means that sales are doing good and shows lower risk of too many unsold stocks. Inventory turn-over that is out of proportion to the industry norms is an indication of marketing problems of management like poor customer services 3. Current Ratio. Although the Current Ratio for 2013 is lower than 2012, this should not be a matter to be worried about by creditors, because the ratio is still high. This means company can still pay its maturing obligations. The accounting rule states, â€Å"the higher the ratio, the more capable the company is of paying its obligations and a ratio of below 1 means company would not be able to pay its obligations† (Accounting Coach 2014) 4. Debt to equity ratio. The D/E shows a slighter decrease in 2013. A 0.25 D/E ratio means the company has not been aggressive in financing its growth. A low D/E is favorable to stockholders because it does not use a lot of debt to increase its operations. A D/E is the â€Å"proportion of company’s asset supplied by company’s creditors vs. the amount supplied by the stockholders.†(Accounting Coach 2014). 5. Gross profit ratio. As in previous ratios, the 2013 GPR shows variance with 2012 exhibiting a lower ratio. GPR is the % of sales available for expenses and profit after the cost of goods sold is deducted, it is otherwise known as gross profit margin. I believe the average is not risky because Industry average of 33.91% is not very far from 0.3461 our case.(CSIS Market, 2014) . 6. Return on assets means the number of cents earned for every dollar of assets. A high value of ROA high means business is profitable. Comparing the 0.41% ROA to the industry average, which

Quantitative research appraisal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Quantitative research appraisal - Essay Example Determinations of the effectiveness of pain management, effectiveness of nurse-led diabetic clinic, effectiveness of appropriate or specific dressing methods in management of venous ulcer, effectiveness of specialist nurse practitioner in the accident and emergency as a primary care giver are just few of the numerous examples to assess evidence and change practice based on evidence (Sousa et al., 2007, 502-507). Observational and Interventional Research Designs: The investigator conducting observational research observes both the independent and the dependent variables, when there is insufficient knowledge about a phenomenon, or for ethical reasons or otherwise, an observational design is most suitable. In experimental research, researchers actively intervene and create the independent variable, which means that people in the sample will be exposed to different treatments or conditions (Driessnack, et al., 2007, 684-688). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs: Experimental designs provide strong evidence about the hypothesis and provide a causal relationship between independent and dependent variables. ... However, quasi-experimental designs lack randomization to treatment groups, which characterizes true experiments. Quasi-experiments, thus, are not as powerful as experiments in establishing causal connections between interventions and outcomes (Coughlan et al, 2007, 658-663). Differences between Inferential and Descriptive Statistics: Statistics are either descriptive or inferential. Descriptive statistics are used to describe and synthesize data. Averages and percentages are examples of descriptive statistics. Actually, when such indices are calculated on data from a population, they are called parameters. Inferential statistics on the other hand is used to draw some inferences out of the numerical data (Zellner et al., 2007, 55-59). The title of the research article chosen by the author to base this assignment is "Randomised controlled trial to compare surgical stabilisation of the lumbar spine with an intensive rehabilitation programme for patients with chronic low back pain: the MRC spine stabilisation trial" by Fairbank and coworkers published in the British Medical Journal (Fairbank et al., 2005, 1233). Purpose: The purpose of this particular study is to assess the clinical effectiveness of surgical stabilization in the form of spinal fusion compared with that with intensive stabilization for patients with chronic low back pain. The design obviously was a multicentric randomized controlled trial (Cook et al., 2008, 128-133). Randomization or random assignment involves placing subjects in groups at random. Random essentially means that every subject has an equal chance of being assigned to any group to avoid systematic bias in the groups that could affect the dependent variable. Randomization remains the most trustworthy and acceptable method of

Conditional Fee or Contingent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Conditional Fee or Contingent - Essay Example The essay "Conditional Fee or Contingent" talks about the conditional fee which is in the United States or in other words, a contingent fee in the United Kingdom is a fee system which provides services where the fee is only to be paid if a constructive result is shown. This system is also known as ‘no win no fee’ system. No win no fee system, in general, is an English legal system which refers to a conditional fee contract amid a customer and a law. The process of this agreement is that a lawyer will take the authority of this law or case, by knowing the fact that if lost than he or she will not be rewarded or paid. But if the case is won by the solicitor, he or she will be paid on hourly basis. As a contrast with the US, the triumph fee is much greater than the normal fee in the UK. Conditional fee system is usually found in countries such as in England, Canada, Northern Ireland, Scotland, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, France, Greece, Japan, the Dominican Republic, B razil and in the US. Conditional fees permitted for a limited series of cases such as personal injury, insolvency etc. cases in 1999. But in 2000, legal aid was not obtainable for injuries, fatal accidents, business matters or law for partnerships. Legal aid got banned due to the more appropriate proceedings because of conditional fees. There are many advantages of conditional fee agreement as it provides admittance to the courts for the people who do not have enough money to pay the fees of lawyers and the overheads of civil court cases.

Occupational Safety and Health Workplace Violence Coursework

Occupational Safety and Health Workplace Violence - Coursework Example Increased use of hospitals by police and other criminal justice systems for unlawful holds and an increasing number of releasing the mentally ill without proper follow-ups program also presents a threat. Work-related violence has been coupled with reduced productivity, absenteeism, increased turnover, increased counseling costs, reduced value of life and decreased staff morale (CDC, 2006). Another outcome of the abuse at the workplace is the deterioration in the quality of patient healthcare. The tangible or visible impacts of violence at the workplace are disability accompanying physical injuries, but aggression has other, less apparent effects. Nurses have described reduced job performance, difficulty sleeping, chronic pain, declining morale, flashbacks, and nightmares have in the aftermath of workplace violence (CDC, 2006). The physically injured nurses frequently fail to seek out treatment for the injuries. Psychological, as well as emotional impacts, include the feelings of helplessness, fear of recurrent attack, sadness, and irritability. In addition, there is an actual, human cost associated with workplace violence (OSHA, 2004). For example, the nurses who get assaulted exhibi t higher degrees of anxiety, depression, substance abuse and post-traumatic stress disorders, and this are human resources that were lost. Impacts of workplace violence mostly reported through media are incidences that result in non-fatal yet solemn injuries. Statistics have shown that workplace violence is a significant threat to health care and social workers. Bureau of Labor and Statistics data has shown that most of the injuries from assaults at work result in absentees in the health care and social work settings (CDC, 2006). Additionally, workers given inadequate support following a violent incident, might leave or be frightened to return to work.  

Personal and Professional Development for engineers Assignment

Personal and Professional Development for engineers - Assignment Example These inventions by engineers not only made the human life easier but also provided more employment opportunities to the people. Research and development in engineering profession has also led to the invention of better technology, machines, and manufacturing processes, which guarantee a consistency in the quality of the finished products. Civil engineers can be credited for construction of bridges, roads, buildings, and dams; electrical engineers can be recognized for their establishment of power plants; chemical engineers can be appreciated for their role in manufacturing of apparel merchandise and pharmaceuticals; agricultural engineers can be credited for the increase in crop yield through better irrigation and farming practices; however, it is the mechanical engineer who lays the foundation for the proper functioning of other disciplines of engineering. If there were no machines, which are actually designed and fabricated by a mechanical engineer, there would be no industries an d no technological development. WorldWideLearn (n.d.) stated that a mechanical engineer invents the processes that are used in internal combustion engines, turbines, generators, refrigeration and air-conditioning units, etc. To accomplish the duties of a mechanical engineer successfully, proper certification through accreditation authorities is essential. 2. Professional Registration and Licensing Various countries have different norms and requirements for awarding license and registration to the engineers, including the mechanical engineers. Thornton (2010) mentioned that every state has its own registration and licensing procedure for awarding the professional engineer title in the USA. However, to facilitate the practice of engineering in various states, an individual can apply for professional engineering title in the concerned states with minimum paper work, if a license has already been granted by one American state. The Engineering Council (2011) declares that it is the gover ning body of the engineering profession in the UK, and it has laid down certain standards for getting an engineer professionally registered at various levels. There are national institutions of engineering recognized by the Engineering Council for granting memberships and licenses to the applicants. For memberships and registration of mechanical engineers, The Institution of Mechanical Engineers (2010) takes the responsibility. The various engineering titles, based on academic qualifications and experience, are defined by the chief governing body, the Engineering Council. 3. Engineering Council There are four levels at which the engineers, including the mechanical engineers, can get professionally registered in the United Kingdom. The purpose of having a professional license procedure is to maintain the high standards in the practice of engineering for ensuring the safety and health of the public as well as the environment. The Engineering Council (2011) asserts that by having the m embership of the respective engineering institution, which is also recognized by the Engineering Council, the engineers have better chances of getting employment, drawing more salaries, getting easier promotion, and are also well-accepted by the industry, the government, and the public. The four levels of professional engineers recognized by the governing body i.e. Engineering Counc

Visual Literacy in Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Visual Literacy in Business - Essay Example The primary purpose of this literature is to win the interest of people to buy this idea or influence them to watch the whole movie (Lopate, 2006). For instance, the trailer for the movie â€Å"That Sugar† is to motivate to try to know the contents in the documentary in detail. That will enable viewer make a reliable decision as far as sugar concerned. The motion pictures are more influential as compared to images and still photos in that; the motion pictures show the exact flow of the movie thus bringing out the theme in the movie apparently. Therefore, motion pictures are more convincing because they bring a real life scenario. However, the motion picture is the ones that can effectively communicate the flow of the movie as well as the themes in the film. Moreover, motion pictures will aid in quick introduction of the main characters to the viewer, thus generating a desire to watch the entire film. Finally, the trainer also enables an individual to know what kind of movie to watch. That is the trailer will communicate to the viewer the whole about of the movie thus avoiding at an early stage or redevelops the desire to watch it. Therefore, the trailer is an advertising tool that producers use to catch the attention and desire of the viewers to the

Swot analysis Essay Example for Free

Swot analysis Essay STRENGTHS   It successfully projects Indian philosophy It attempts to highlight traveling facilities It projects governmental concern over safety and security of the tourists   It exploits visual and print details of Indian wildlife, social and cultural hotspots   Its backed by the Tourism Department of India WEAKNESSESS   It completely ignores the upcoming tourism market like medical tourism   It fails to promote Yoga and other ancient Indian healing and spiritual development techniques separately It fails to promote word of mouth campaign   It fails to create a USP which is essential for branding and positioning. It fails to exploit the 300-year old Indo-British relationship OPPORTUNITIES   Huge Market of medical tourism is growing rapidly and it deserves to be the nodal head of the entire campaign   It has the scope to exploit the upsurge of new age culture, which is a revival of ancient Asian techniques to maintain well being   It has the scope to embed far more attractive packages by embedding sophisticated medical treatment or ancient healing/well being facilities with sight-seeing   It can exploit the British sentiments over colonial architectures in India THREATS. Other Asian countries like Japan, China, Hong Kong, Singapore and Malaysia are gearing up towards promoting medical tourism. These countries have already popularized the Buddhist or Chinese/Mongoloid style of healing and well being techniques, which too is a part of the New Age Culture These countries possess quality infrastructure While SWOT attempts to summarize the pros and cons of Incredible India Campaign, the issue of branding India in the global tourism market needs one vital approach to achieve its desired outcome, and that is, to review this campaign from the framework of branding technique. IV. Analysing Incredible India from the Perspective of Branding Branding works as an invisible tool, which creates a situation where the name of the company/organization would trigger all the stimuli in the customers instantly. Thus the journey of a product together with branding would look like below: Figure 1 The figure above evokes a few basic clarifications about branding, before this system can be incorporated in a company, where are the issues are: 1. Definition of Branding 2. Importance of branding 3. Brand equity 4. Brand loyalty 5. Brand awareness. 6. Brand value 7. Brand personality IV. 1. How Incredible India can create a strong brand India As Mary Brown, a creative director of Marketing Angel would prefer to define brand as a term that has evolved to mean the enduring emotional association one has with a particular company or product (McCall, 2003), the famous copywriter and ad agency founder David Ogilvy would prefer to go into a detail brand is an intangible sum of a products attributes: its name, packaging, price, its history, reputation, and the way its advertised (Brand, 2008). In short, brand could be anything like symbol, words, or mark that distinguishes a product or company from its competitors(Brand Definition, 2008). From this perspective Incredible India needs to review its name, packaging, price and its history and modify it concerning the current demand. IV. 2. Definition of Branding Branding is the sum total of a companys identity – from its name and logo to every piece of communication(Brandguru). Thus, the campaign in discussion needs to have multiple views on the definition of branding to have a comprehensive view, besides choosing the right one applicable for restaurant industry. Branding means starting with your values and beliefs, projecting these into everything you do, and going forward from there, says Susan Dunn, the EQ Coach (Dunn, 2007), while some would prefer to say, branding is generally used to describe the companys visual identity (Branding, 2006). Todays modern concept of branding grew out of the consumer packaged goods industry and the process of branding has come to include much, much more than just creating a way to identify a product or company, observes Dave Dolak (2001), a branding professional and an author. Thus, the successful branding of India should be able to 1. Deliver the message clearly. 2. Confirm the credibility of the company. 3. Connect the target prospects emotionally. 4. Motivate the buyers. 5. Concretize the user loyalty (Lake, 2008). In any case, overall branding can also stretch to a logo, symbol, or even design features (Bizhelp, 2008). Taking cue from the above ideas, this can be said that branding is an attempt to create a wholesome bonding between the company and its customers: Figure – 2 The diagram above clearly shows that branding literally bonds the customer with a product in several ways – the end result of which brings in secured sales for the company. This amply proves the significance of branding in the life of a company – if it wants to grow more; it cannot do without branding, from this perspective Incredible India has to focus more on emphasizing emotional bond with UK through exploiting the earlier history of close communication.

Information Management System of IKEA

Information Management System of IKEA Introduction History A privately held international retailers of home products, being the largest retailers of the world they provide home products from furniture, fabric, glass, kitchen and bathroom accessories at an affordable price. Their vision being Anybody can make a good-quality product for a high price, or a poor-quality product for a low price. But to make good products at low prices, one needs to develop methods that are both cost-effective and innovative. This has been IKEAs focus. Maximizing the use of raw materials and production adaptation to meet peoples needs and preferences have meant that their costs are low. The IKEA way of doing things is to pass these cost savings on to customers. This idea came into being in 1943 by Ingvar Kamprad in Sweden who laid basis of IKEA and then afterwards it was owned by Kamprad Family. Data of august 2009 shows currently it has 301 stores (outlets) in 37 countries (scattered in Europe, North America, Asia and Australia), with more than 135,000 employees. (Source net) All products are in flat packed form to be assembled by consumer himself (saving space and time from in store assembling, easy handling and transportation and reducing packaging cost. IKEA Financial Progress this decade: This graph clearly describes IKEAs progress in terms of financial point of view but in this recession period what could be the factors it has adopted to increase its progress towards a progressing/ profiting organization. Multiple factors can be mentioned starting from its outlets structure up to higher level management all working in a close coordination. They modernized their structure at every step ultimately profiting the organization and customers in terms of providing cheap furniture accessories. Special Design of IKEA Outlets IKEA outlets are often on â€Å"one way lay out pattern† to encourage customers to see the store in its entirety. A self service way is introduced as customers collect shopping cart, proceed to open-shelf warehouse (for smaller items) then proceed to furniture warehouse where they could collect previously noted showroom product (but in a flat pack form). Furniture warehouse is usually located adjacent to main store. Ultimately proceeding to cashier for due payments. Retail Business Model of IKEA All trading of IKEA is through its outlets as well as internet, called as Clicks and Mortar or Bricks Clicks or Bricks, Clicks Flips (Catalogues). The usability of both of the ways for sales proved advantageous for the IKEA and for consumers as well: Developers Perspective Profitability of IKEA Management Perspective Increased / better productivity User Perspective Accuracy/ satisfaction/ cost effective To fulfill the above described criteria products have be efficient, effective as well as user friendly. Flaws of this system include Security problems, staff retraining or new technical staff, more employees loosing jobs and redundancies. Establishment of e-business is still advantageous for IKEA as counter mediation made payment available to them before goods are delivered, goods are supplied in time further reducing inventory cost, space for storage, direct delivery to customers home further reduces their cost. Structure of IKEA: OPERATIONAL Level Information Management system of IKEA Main structure of IKEA family comprises of â€Å"INGKA Holding† which is the main (parent) company for all the IKEA group companies. This INGKA foundation consists of 5 member executive committee naming â€Å"Kampard†, his wife and 3 attorneys (The Economist, 2006). IKEA Group company supervisory board comprises of Goran Grosskopf, the chairman and Ingvar Kampard being senior advisor and many others representing their own territories. This group of companies is basically concerned with carrying out all the necessary functions to bring the right product to markets. These companies include IKEA Sweden, Swedwood (Industrial IKEA production company), purchasing, distribution, human resource services, internet technology and communications departments (all working together). All scattered branches of IKEA (Franchisees) are connected to a common system networking â€Å"inter IKEA system† at national as well as at international level (monitoring all the sales, stocks, cash, inventory, demand and supply balances). The basic unit of information is provided by managers at local stores (shift / branch/ area/ territory managers), all collaborating to disseminate information from local up to international level. This propagation of information is carried out through internet using wide area networks (ultimately spreading information from end user to main supplier). So Human computer interaction results in: Cost reduction less staff needed, Resource Land saving Tangible Deployment Business Improved More messages Productivity transmission New ideas/products Organizational new forms of integration Enhancement improved business Work Intangible Enhancement Business Human Resource Structure of IKEA: Human Resource is one of the strongest departments of IKEA as it gives emphasis on IKEAs vision Their HR philosophy believes that employees are more productive and committed when company takes care of them and their needs. Timings of IKEA Store Opening: IKEA outlets are open 24 hours a day, restoring and maintenance carried out at night hours. For such long working hours IKEA hires students at a minimum rate in return getting good quality work. As officially students are allowed to work part time hours, so remain available for various shifts. Recruiting process: Recruitment in IKEA starts from online basic test in form of multiple choice questions which are meant to judge the intelligence, personality and persons response towards a particular situation. Online testing is another factor for saving up the extra money spent on recruitment process as well as time saving. Passed candidates are then called for a face to face interview which shows their level of confidence, dedication, interests and future goals. Passing candidates then go through a short training period, ultimately becoming a member of IKEA. Data Security Control/ Biometric Control: Employees are supplied with specialized computerized made IKEA identity cards which they swipe on a card reader, having a data of time in, working hours and time out. For enhanced security each card contains picture of employee (which can be checked by shift manager on duty). Job Security/ Benefits: All employees are provided with benefits uniformly like worker health and safety, housing facilities, forced and bonded labor, no child labor harassment, abuse and disciplinary actions. Employees are empowered fully in terms of their task completion. Supply Chain Management of IKEA: Supply chain management spans all movement and storage of raw materials, work in process, inventory, finished goods, and their transportation from the point of origin to the point of consumption. Structure of IKEA is designed to optimize the efficacy of its designed products and supply process. For the purpose of ease it can be divided into 4 parts, each operating as a type of internal market. Sweden is the head quarter where all the basic furniture is designed. â€Å"Swedwood† the oldest supplier from Sweden for IKEA providing raw material mainly wood from its own forests but with time increasing demands of raw material forced IKEA to look for other suppliers. Currently there are more than 57 suppliers of raw material in furniture industry only, more interestingly these suppliers are not centered rather scattered worldwide but they all are connected with ECIS (IKEA s own system) which allows them to have look at inventory level, forecasting and transparency of supply chain , ultimately helping them to anticipate orders. Here another important IKEA perspective can be appreciated that it further neglects/reduces its switching costs at minimum as it always try to negotiate with previous suppliers rather than searching for newer ones. Retail division largely keeps all the responsibilities of controlling stores (franchises) world wide. For this purpose they have integrated complex communicating system (with the help of IT) which is maintained at every step . â€Å"Istra† the marketing decision maker set up a competitive tender to decide the production. More interestingly most products are manufactured in developing countries to keep down the costs. It is the responsibility of the â€Å"distribution centers† for the distribution (transportation) of raw material/ goods and designs to manufacturers (which again are not centered, giving huge emphases on communication and continuous support). IKEA ‘s highly trained technical staff keep concentrating on design improvements as advised by management to make products that are functional, simple, well made, affordable, easy to get assembled and durable. A specialized integrated project team (IPT) ensures that all these demands are met at all levels. All the above described divisions though working independently but still are connected and being monitored by â€Å"Business Support Centers† which keep introducing newer technologies and logistics. Similarly IKEA transport manager make arrangements for all transportation s at a global level (in collaboration with support centers for product/ material tracing). IKEAs policy is to shorten lead time. Attempts are being made at supplier, manufacturer especially at transportation level, where bypassing most of the retail stores is being tried. For this purpose products are transported directly from the main distribution center to consumers house (at consumers cost) saving his time and saving IKEA money at the same time. For this purpose IKEA maintains 41 trading service offices, scattered in 30 countries with 1350 suppliers. Having discussed various steps of supply chain it can be said that it is the collaboration between suppliers, intermediaries, third party service providers and customers through various transport sources (Strategic Supply chain). On the basis of demands management takes decisions regarding purchasing and production, inventory decisions, transportation strategy and routes, at the same time keeping an eye on accounts (Tactical Supply chain) . Ultimately production and distribution planning, demand planning and forecasting, all inbound and outbound movements, order promising on day to day basis (Operational Supply chain). Shopping at IKEA Franchises: Radiofrequency Identification (RFID) Newer technology which enables remote and automated gathering, then sending information between RFID tags (attached with the products ) and readers (which could be handled units or fixed units as both are in operation in IKEA). RFID tag consists of an integrated circuit, having specific data which could range from a unique identity number up to a thousand bites data. When these tags are shown to readers all necessary information get flashed at the device (reader) which is connected with not only in store local area network but also with a higher level management (at international level) as communication satellites are in operation as well. So information propagating starts as soon as a product is shown to reader without any delay. Advantages of RFID System for IKEA Data transmission, storage and analysis become much easy now than before. Information between tags and readers is rapid, does not even require direct contact. Inventory and stock level could easily be accessed. On the basis of previous sales accurate forecasts for a particular product could be made. Disadvantages of RFID System for IKEA Newer technology needed trained staff Data had to put over tags and readers with accuracy Required some investment. Client Server Architecture A customer can place an order online or through a computer system placed at IKEA franchise. For this kind of order placement customer places an order, pays cash through his debit card (in UK cash payments are handled through PayPal which is considered as the safest way of e-shopping. After making a transaction he is given a â€Å"specific order number† he shows to the main reception staff and gets his desired product straight away. Pic In this case information gets flashed at all (local, national and international levels). â€Å"Just In Time† (JIT) Policy OF IKEA: For the purpose of further reducing cost IKEA uses just in time policy as all the furniture is not stocked at the store level, so when a product is ordered it is directly shipped from the warehouse to customers home at a cost of additional transportation charge (bypassing intermediaries and reducing costs to both consumer and IKEA itself). Pre requisite for JIT All departments (suppliers, designers, manufacturers, transportation) have to work in close association to shorten the time frame, cut the cost while no compromise at the quality. Requires handsome inventory. IT plays the most crucial part for JIT to function at its best. Pull Based Model for IKEA Customer Relation Management Customer relation management can be discussed under 3 headings: Customer Relation Management Sales Marketing Customer Service â€Å"Sales† could be further discussed as IKEA uses the below given ways for sales. Web sales Sales Phone Field (Franchise) These Points have discussed earlier in the assignment. IKEA Catalogue Marketing of IKEA Web Marketing IKEA Catalogue: IKEA catalogue provides the most important tool for the purpose of marketing. IKEA is known as the trend setter in the catalogue publishing field. Annually published catalogue is in 27 languages and is published in 36 countries (†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..) Catalogue accounts more than 70% of the IKEAs annual marketing budget. It is said that more copies of IKEA Catalogue are printed as compared to Bible each year. PIC A quarterly printed magazine â€Å"IKEA FAMILY† further supplements the catalogue in terms of marketing. IKEA Website Marketing An up to date, well maintained website for marketing purposes is maintained round the clock. A specialized team of IT consultants remain available for all the times. Every promotional, seasonal offers, sales, discounts and special offers are displayed for the interest of customers. A wide range of products remain separately available on stock for e- shopping. On field Promotional staff Customer Service Play Area for Kids Bargain Corner IKEA Warranty IKEA Special handling booklets On field/Ground Staff: A well trained ground staff is available at store round the clock providing a high level of customer support. Friendly staff of IKEA feels pride helping their customers. Its a part of their routine practice to promote and assist their customers interest and guide them towards purchasing their goods. Play Area for Kids: IKEA has introduced a separate play area for children (aging 3 to 10 years of age). This facility is provided free of charge. As play area is a separate unit in the IKEA franchise so parents are provided with hand held pagers in order to get back to their children if they need some help during shopping. This unique feature is available only at IKEA stores which makes its customers more interested in visiting and shopping from IKEA. Bargain Center: A bargain corner is specially meant for returned, damaged or previously displayed products at a fairly reasonable low price. These products though are priced quite low as compared to other products but with no warranty. Furthermore on buying such goods customers are reminded again that this product does not carry any warranty and all the products clearly mention that either they are repaired, returned damaged or previously was displayed in the store. IKEA Warranty: All IKEA products come with IKEA warranty cards. Warranty of IKEA products ranges from minimum of 5 years up to 20 years depending upon the type of product and its life cycle. If a product gets damaged before this time customer is offered free service or even complete new product replacement. For these purposes IKEA keeps its customers details on records in order to trace them on their demand. IKEA Special Handling Booklets: As IKEA products are pre assembled and customer has to assemble the furniture himself, for this purpose customer is provided with a special product handling booklets which describes all the basic information regarding assembling all the material. Booklet further provide guidance for its proper usage, any precautions and safety advices. IKEA Outsourcing IKEA Help lines IKEA uses its help lines as a basic tool for outsourcing. A well trained, highly motivated staff is available round the clock to assist customers at all the levels. These help lines are free of charge and can be assessed 24 hours. Customers make calls; tell them their product reference number (mentioned on the booklets) Customer service assistant check that number in their computer system and get all the necessary information. Then they guide consumers what to do and where to report further or in case if they need any guidance they are given guidance if possible at the same time. Development of Internet Technology (IT) IKEA main center can be assessed through internet as all necessary guidance, sales, discounts, special offers and details of specified products can be assessed while sitting at home, or on work without any time delay. Development of IT therefore provides a major source of not only promotional perspective but sales and customers service as well. Help desk is available not only at IKEA stores but online as well. Limitations of IT Internet technology is labor intensive for both data input as well as accessibility. Well experienced staff is needed to gather all the necessary information from all the relevant departments (starting from a local level to national to global level). A separate IT department is mandatory for its time to time approach and functioning efficiently. Internet viruses/ hackers are a continuous threat for an active IT department. Many organizations may not want to supply information regarding their quality costs as they may have to face increased competitive force. Human errors, environmental hazards and computer system failures still remain unintentional threats. An educated/ well aware audience is needed to avail the internet advantages.

Central Michigan University Leadership Competency Model Education Essay

Central Michigan University Leadership Competency Model Education Essay Leadership qualities, whether natural or nurtured, are distinctive edges that differentiate individual. Every individual possesses certain leadership potential but vary in the degree of actualization. Thus, to be a good leader, the development of leadership should be a continuous process that has to be constantly measured, reviewed and worked at to ensure that the priority of action is beneficial in the long term. In this report, I will measure my leadership potential and develop a leadership development plan by evaluating my current traits in comparison to the leadership development model chosen, and seek feedback from a personal mentor. With greater self-awareness and wider perspective, I will outline phase of action needed to attain greater opportunities and future career growth. Central Michigan University Leadership Competency Model After reviewing the three leadership development models, I have chosen Central Michigan University (CMU) Leadership Competency Model. The five dimensions of leadership competencies Self Management, Leading Others, Task Management, Innovation and Social Responsibility which I find particularly useful as it essentially focuses on the general concept of core competences like psychological attributes, attitudes and management skills which I relate to best in term of for work, interpersonal relationship and personal attainment. Also, it disregard the type of job industry unlike National Health Service Leadership Framework that is oriented towards improving healthcare services. I believe that CMU model will further develop my insight on my leadership potential, as well as enhancing my interrelationship with others in work or personal situations by understanding the dynamics of human behaviour. My plan will be prioritised on the certain core competencies from the CMU model that I find myse lf lacking or critical for my development. Current Assessment of Strengths and Weaknesses Before working on the development plan, I had to conduct an evaluation on my current strengths and weaknesses as a leader in relate to the CMU model. In order to assist the evaluation process, I have explored assessment tools like Jung, Mbti and Keirsey personality type indicator. However, I find the assessment to be generally generic and partly inaccurate. So instead I approached two of my close social contacts to give an opinion from their perspectives. From the discussion, I found most of the comments to be more accurate with my own self-assessment. One of my strength is the ability to remain goal orientated where it has allowed me to work through tough phases to reach my objective, though sometimes it leads to disappointment when I did not meet my expectation. Also, I have learnt to be self-reliance where I can work well without the need of constant guidance. Being independent has nurtured my other abilities like problem solving and decision making skills. However, being independent may seem like a personal strength, but it can be a weakness as a leader. As being used to work independently in situations, I find myself lacking in communication with others when working in a team. It becomes a natural tendency for me to work alone in my own comfort zone, so sometimes there might be difficulty for me to express my idea and vision. Also, I lack in the aspect of self-confidence in even though I did my research or put in the effort in my work. Communication and self-confidence are the two most important aspects that I find the need to work on most in my plan to establish a firm foundation as a potential leader. As I believe that with improvement on the two aspects, it would boost other self-management and leadership skills as well. Leadership theories In the various leadership theories, there are two concepts that I am able to relate to in my leadership development plan. Firstly, it is the skill approach where I believe that leadership qualities can be nurtured to develop a good leader. Also, I feel that the servant leadership theory is essential as it revolve around the interest of a community and ethical dimension. Unlike the traits theory, skill approach depends on ones capabilities to develop leadership qualities. Northouse (2009) believes that anyone can become a leader if effort were put in to nurture the skills in important aspects. As stated in Katzs three-skill approach, she mentioned that technical, human and conceptual skills can be developed. The approach considers one as an effective leader when the three of leadership skills are acquired and used to accomplish a goal. According to Katzs management skill diagram, technical, human and conceptual skills are required at different level depending on the management level. However, human skill is maintained to be important at all levels. Human skill is referred as the ability to work with people where leadership is focused on building relationship, motivating others and working together as a team. Where I feel is important as a potential leader, thus it is the focus of my leadership development plan. In my opinion, leadership is far from just the interest of an individual but the well-being of others as well. According to Pedersen (2011), Norman Vincent Peale mentioned that the man who lives for himself is a failure; the man who lives for others has achieved true success. Being an independent person, I find that the servant leadership theory would assist in my plan to understand the importance of the growth as a leader along with the growth of others through communicating, listening and building interrelationship. The idea of servant leadership that was developed by Greenleaf has greatly influenced and supported todays successful leaders. A successful leader is someone who places other people like peers or customers as the top priority. Unlike the traditional leadership paradigm, leadership is formed in a hierarchy structure where leaders manage by authority and fear. The modern servant leadership theory is based on five important aspects: trust, respect, mutual understanding, sh ared experience and common goal (Maxwell, 2003). Cohen (2000) feels that leadership is not about the position level. Servant leadership theory is not influenced by the power or authority, but the willingness to help; the commitment to build the growth of a community as a whole. In the servant leadership theory, a good leader is a student as well, where there are constant learning along with their peers through feedback and empowerment. In relation to my leadership framework, I would like to improve on my interrelationship skills with others. I see myself as easy going and agreeable, however with a barrier of being introvert. So my key aspects to foster leadership relationship are based on building higher level of confidence and self-esteem, and to trust and communicate. For a change, the servant leadership theory made me realize that I might find greater success as a leader if I were to able to break the barrier of interaction and commit to excel with others. Leadership Development Plan My aim for the future is to be an entrepreneur in the service industry, providing a complete set of services for pets which include facilities like day care, grooming, training and veterinary clinic. In order to work towards my aim, I have to improve on my leadership qualities in the process. My goal-orientated personality has allowed me to focus on my aim. I have been constantly doing research and acquiring experience in the field like working in pet day care centre, pet grooming centre, veterinary hospital and clinic. Through the experience, I realise that nature of the job requires interaction with people from different countries. For example, many good groomers and veterinary nurses come from other countries like Taiwan or Philippines. Hence, I find it important to improve on my people skills in the process of working towards my goal. I have set a list of priorities to work on the development of my leadership capabilities within the next 2 years. Firstly I will focus on my communication skill, as a potential leader I feel that it is important to be able to interact well with people and the ability to express my views and thoughts. Hence, in the timeframe, I want to step out of my comfort zone and improve on my interpersonal skill. Secondly, I need to work on my self-confidence. I feel that it is one of the most vital attributes for a leader to project a positive vibe by feeling confident in what they do. Therefore, in the process of working towards my goal, I need to work on my insecurities and start believing in myself. In order to build on my self-confidence, I feel that I should work on some personal qualities like being more initiative and optimistic as well. Feedback For the purpose of the leadership development plan, I decided to seek feedback from my supervisor in my workplace as I feel that she is a good role model as a leader. From her perspective, she agreed on my self-assessment of my strengths and weaknesses as the focus to improve on. She feels that my weaknesses of lacking in communication and self-confidence are barriers in the industry I wanted to work in. She advised that I should focus on my self-confidence level first as she believes that with higher level of self-confidence it will boost my communication skills as well. Also, she feels that I should always be self-aware of my progress. She recommended that I should discuss about my progression with my close friends regularly so as to determine if my leadership development plan is effective. From her feedback, I feel that I should focus more on building up my self-confidence first. I will also incorporate her advice to gain more self-awareness in the process to ensure that there is improvement in my leadership qualities. Development Activities In order to work on the priorities I have set on to develop my leadership skill, I have listed out some activities that will assist in my progression. Firstly, in the development of my self-confidence, I should begin with simple action like thinking for positive about myself even in negative situation. I should work hard on being more optimistic by creating daily affirmation. I will speak up more and be more assured about my ideas, and if I do well I will reward myself, but if I dont, I should just accept it and not dwell on it. With progression in my self-confidence, I believe that my communication skill will improve as well. I should not be fearful of making mistakes or expressing myself. I will work on this aspect starting from my peers, I will make an effort to contribute and express my idea in group discussion and participate more. Meanwhile I should continue to Describe how you will evaluate whether or not you have reached the level of development set out in your plan 5 Plan Evaluation Cohen, W. A. (2000). The New Art of the Leader: Leading with Integrity and Honor. Paramus, NJ: Prentice Hall. http://books.google.com.sg/books?id=2F0qz6HlPR4Cpg=PA19dq=The+man+who+lives+for+himself+is+a+failure;+the+man+who+lives+for+others+has+achieved+true+successhl=ensa=Xei=pZFAUZLKA8zRrQer44C4Agved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepageq=The%20man%20who%20lives%20for%20himself%20is%20a%20failure%3B%20the%20man%20who%20lives%20for%20others%20has%20achieved%20true%20successf=false Maxwell, J. C. (2003b). Relationships 101: What Every Leader Needs to Know. Nashville: Thomas Nelson. Leadership, Theory and Practice  by Peter G. Northouse. Chapter 3, Skills Approach.   Sage Publications, ISBN 0-7619-2566-X http://www.sagepub.com/upm-data/45968_Chapter_3.pdf Skills of an Effective Administrator, by R. L. Katz, 1955, Harvard Business Review, 33(1), pp. 33-42.

Uncle Toms Cabin Essay example -- Uncle Toms Cabin Essays

Uncle Tom's Cabin Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote this novel during the time of the debates that lead to the Civil War and near the time of the Compromise of 1850. The book provides a defiant protest against the social and political conditions of that era. The division between the northern industrial states and the southern agrarian states was very prominent and apparent. There was fierce competition between them. This lead to differing viewpoints about slavery. The competition helped the South justify it and gave the North reason to denounce it. Information like this is not provided by the author because her target audience at the time she wrote the story was living through these conflicts. To make up for this, I would suggest that before reading this work you have at least a minimal knowledge of the aspects of slavery and its geographical distribution in early America. Also, it is important to have basic understanding of the Christian faith and its two major kinds of believers at the time. There were those who believed that all were equal and that all had souls that were to be treated with compassion, and those who argued that God had created them superior to all blacks. Keep in mind that Mrs. Stowe was living through all of what is in her story. So while providing social, political, and religious commentary, she also spatters her work with racism and subtle bigotry that would not be found in most modern writing. Uncle Tom's Cabin is a novel about how trust in God can conque...

Thomas Alva Edison Essays -- Essays Papers

Thomas Alva Edison Thomas Alva Edison was one of the greatest inventors. He was a smart man. Thomas invented many things such as the light bulb and phonograph. Without the light bulb we would still be using candles and lanterns like they did many years ago. Although Thomas was deaf he worked hard and never gave up. Thomas Alva Edison was born on February 11, 1847 in Milan, Ohio. He had many family members. He had a father named Samuel Odgen Edison and a mother named Nancy Elliott Edison. Thomas' mother pulled him from school because Thomas' teacher called him a"retard." Nancy Edison taught her son at home. Thomas has six siblings and he was the youngest child in the Edison family. Thomas was interested in many things as a child. At age twelve Thomas got a job at the Grand Trunk Railroad. While working at Grand Trunk Railroad Thomas was a typesetter, press operator, editor, and publisher of his very own newspaper called the "Herald." Thomas got his news for his newspaper from telegraphers at other train stations. Thomas liked many things, but mathematics was not one of them. He enjoyed reading books about science and philosophy. His favorite book ever was Isaac Newtown's Principia Mathematica. Thomas was interested in inventing the light bulb. Thomas was a scientist as a kid. He like to test many things. When he was young he built a laboratory in the family's basement. Thomas did experiments he found in science books and got jars and che...

Analysis of Much Madness is Divinest Sense by Emily Dickinson Essay

In 'Much Madness is divinest Sense' (435), a definition poem, Emily Dickinson criticizes society's inability to accept rebellion, arguing that the majority is the side that should in fact be considered 'mad.' The perception of madness and insanity are a common theme among Dickinson's poetry, as she fought against society's tainted view of herself as crazy. She focuses on how judgmental society is on non conformist views when she describes the majority as 'discerning' (line 2). As similar to most of her poetry, she writes in iambic meter and uses slant rhyme, as lines one, three, and seven end with 'Sense', 'Madness', 'dangerous', and lines six and eight, in 'sane' and 'Chain' in seemingly rhyme scheme. Dickinson credits the majority with prevailing, however, anyone who disagrees is considered a threat to society and sentenced to punishment. MacDonald agues that 'Much Madness in divinest Sense,' (435) features one of Dickinson?s more disturbing themes, using ?dark imagery of confinement and fear? (1) to draw the reader into the subject of madness. A division between society?s view of acceptable and appropriate is made between that which is considered against the norm, or mad. Tying into a current issue at the time MacDonald suggests among contemporary writers of the time, Dickinson?s poetry is in response to the Civil War, as it questions ?the purity of the nation,? (1) challenging readers to understand the sanity of the war itself. However, this critique does not limit Dickinson?s poem in response to the Civil War, as ?madness? can suggest more than simply the immorality of slavery in the late 1880s. This ?madness? is also compared with the normalcy during the 1800s that ?women should marry and lead lives for the benef... ...fined only by authority. Dickinson does not conform to society?s norm with her slanted rhyme scheme, random capitalization, and peculiar use of punctuation, fitting herself into the society?s view of ?mad?. She illustrates to the reader that individually, we have the choice whether or not to choose the desires set for ourselves or conform to the desires others have for us. Through her writing Dickinson also proves the awareness she had of the perception society held of her. Works Cited: Kattleman, Beth. Poetry for Students, Vol. 16, Gale 2002. Critical Essay Source Database: Literature Resource Center MacDonald, Deneka Candace. Poetry for Students, Vol. 16, Gale 2002. Critical Essay Source Database: Literature Resource Center Oates, Joyce Carol. Soul at the White Heat: The Romance of Emily Dickinson?s Poetry. Vol. 13, No. 4. 1987. pp. 806-824.

Hospital Administration

Quality Improvement Programme (Toward Excellence Health center for the Community) Excellence Health center for the Community) CoH CoH Quality Improvement Programme CoH Quality is very Sweet for speak, but difficult to implement. â€Å"Quality at Grassroots levels: Patient Perspectives † because because Quality is Never Improved without accepting facts without accepting facts. Dr. J. L. Meena State Quality Assurance Officer Commissionerate of Health & FW Government of Gujarat Email:- [email  protected] com Web:- www. gujhealth. gov. in/quality-assurance-program. htm www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. MeenaHealth & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Old Scenario of Health Centers. 1 CoH www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Old Scenario of Health Centers. 3 CoH Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 5 2 CoH †¢ Poor sanitation and cleanliness. †¢ Very poor Drainage facility. †¢ Poor housekeeping service. â € ¢ Very poor Biomedical waste & infection control practice. †¢ No cattle guard. www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Old Scenario of Health Centers. †¢ Non sterile suction tube & oxygen mask? †¢ Empty Oxygen Cylinders. Instrument with rust & Non sterile. www. gujhealth. gov. in Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Old Scenario of Health Centers. Building maintenance was extremely unsatisfactory – Leaking roof, eroded floors, over flowing toilets, broken doors, No patient safety (Open transformer with Parking facilities. Invite for disaster ? ), No safe drinking water facilities. no employee safety, poor lighting and no ventilation sign. www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena 4 CoH †¢ Un-used instrument & equipments †¢ No proper used of instruments Crush Card trolley contained:- Comb, Toothpaste, Oil, Glass etc for save the pt. th www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 6 Old Scenario of Health Centers. CoH CoH †¢ Very poorly managed end of life †¢ No respect to Human body †¢ Very worst condition of Post Martum Room. www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 7 CoH ?Why should we care? should we care? ?Is improvement possible? ?What seems to make seems to make a difference? ?Why aren’t we doing a better job? www. gujhealth. gov. in GOAL Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat National Human Right Commission (NHRC Report 1999 NHRC ) Report – 1999 CoH D Grade for Mental Hospital Ahmedabad www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat HOW TO ACHIEVE EXCELLENCE IN HEALTH TQM-NABH†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 9 †¢ To develop a healthcare system based on total quality management principles (NABH / NABL) and application of information technology to achieve efficiency in operations, faster & standard communication across the state. †¢ To enhance the quality of healthcare services by providing specialized treatment and preventive healthcare at free / affordable cost. MISSION VISION †¢ To develop a pool of healthcare professionals in he public health sector trained in the implementation of health care quality standards and information technology to bring productivity and effectiveness in health care delivery system. †¢ â€Å"To be the network of finest Public Healthcare Institutions which providing quality medical care services, preventive, promotive, curative & rehabilitative health care services with the state of art technology, easy accessibility, affordability and equity to the people of Gujarat and beyond. 12 8 ?Health centers is committed to provide quality healthcare services. ?To provide the treatment as per the national and international standards. To provide treatment with the latest technology. ?To conduct trainings and workshops on regular intervals for skill development of the staffs. ?To improve the quality on continuous basis. ?To improve the quality of treatment as per the patient satisfaction survey. www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Quality Objectives CoH CoH Quality Policy Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 13 ? Implementation of safety and quality practices. ? Incorporation of management tools. ? Building sustainability ? Benchmarking the indicators ? Continuous Quality Improvement ? To provide 24X7 quality services to the community. To organize and implement all the national programs. ? To provide right treatment through latest technology. ? To ensure safety of patient & employee. ? To manage Human Resources for enhancing productivity. www. gujhealth. gov. in PRACTICES IMPLEMENTED CoH ? Formation of the committees & give role and responsibility. ? Gap analysis in a standards formats and fulfilled these gaps. ? Patient and employee satisfaction survey ? Clinical protocol & Standard Operation Procedure (SOPs). ? Monitoring of the qu ality indicators. ? Implementation of Patient Rights & Responsibilities ? Facility Management Practices www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr.J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat A Case Study JOURNEY TOWARDS QUALITY JOURNEY TOWARDS QUALITY 15 1 2 †¢ Internal assessment by Quality Assurance Team. †¢ Gap analysis and submission of report and Planning for full filling the gaps. 3 †¢ Develop the action programme for filled these gaps. †¢ Proposed to TSP, NREGA, NRHM, State budget and Vanbandhu for financial requirements to full fill the gaps. 4 role & www. gujhealth. gov. in Cont†¦. Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat A Case Study JOURNEY TOWARDS QUALITY JOURNEY TOWARDS QUALITY 7 8 17 Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 14 ? Disaster Preparedness Plan ? Basic Infection Control Practices ? Management of Medication of Medication Code alerts ? Incidence Reporting System RED for FIRE, YELLOW for EXTERNAL ? Hospital Safety Programme CALAMITIES, BLUE for CARDIAC ARREST, ? Patient Information BLACK for BOMB THREAT, ? Inventory Management PINK for CHILD ABDUCTION ? Quality Control & Safety in diagnostics Control Safety in diagnostics 5 †¢ Regular training of core team on standards and objective elements. †¢ Formation of QA Manual, Policy, Procedure, Forms & Formats and implement. Dr. J. L. MeenaPRACTICES IMPLEMENTED CoH CoH †¢ Orientation to Quality & NABH Standards to staffs. †¢ Formation of Committees and clarified their responsibility. CoH 16 CoH †¢ Fulfilled the Human resource, Infrastructure, equipment, instrument related gaps and Statuary requirements. †¢ AMC, Calibration & insurance of the instruments. †¢ Internal Quality Control, External Quality Control. †¢ Regular Internal audit. †¢ Plan, Do, Check & Act (PDCA Cycle for improvement) †¢ Application for Pre Assessment. †¢ Pre Assessment done by NABH Assessors from Quality Council of India. †¢ Fulfilled the Pre assessment gaps and application for final Assessment. Final Assessment done by NABH Assessors from Quality Council of India. †¢ Fulfilled the Final assessment gaps and accredited by NABH board, Quality Council of India. www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 18 CoH CoH Journey of Quality Improvement (Cont)†¦ 5 Years Back CoH Today Lack of standards of standards NABH Standards for Health Centers Standards for Health Centers No Gap analysis report in standard format. Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Journey of Quality Improvement (Cont)†¦ 5 Years Back 19 CoH Hygienic, Clean & Green Hospital environment with infection control audit.Recruitment of staff as per workload through RKS and take specialist service outsource. Lack of trained health care staff for emergency (resuscitation) services, patient care service & Healthcare management. No concept of internal audits (medical audit, clinical audit & death audit etc). Dr. J. L. Meena Written policies & procedures available. Poor sanitation, cleanliness & infection control practices. Staff shortage so very poor specialist service. www. gujhealth. gov. in Statutory requirements fulfilled Absence of written policies & procedures. Outcomes†¦.. Gaps identified and addressed. Lack of Statutory requirements (e. . Licenses, Acts, Rules & Certificates). Staff trained in Basic Life Support, Advanced Cardiac Lif Ad Life Support, PG QM & AHO, NABH / NABL Assessors & Kaizen. Staff trained as internal auditors, audits conducted to find out non conformances, corrective & preventive measures taken to rectify it Dr. J. L. Meena www. gujhealth. gov. in Journey of Quality Improvement (Cont)†¦ Today 5 Years Back All required practices in place No Blood storage, CSSD, no separate OT for Eye & Gynec. , Patients attendant launch facilities. Gynec Patients attendant launch facilities Blood s torage, CSSD, separate OT for Eye & Gynec,Patients attendant launch facilities are available Patients attendant launch facilities are available. Damaged and poor condition of building & Staff Quarters. Repairing & renovation done gynecology No Calibration system of Instruments for Quality check. Calibration system of Instruments for Quality check are available. CoH Shortage of equipments and proper ambulances (transport vehicle) . Sufficient equipments and ambulances with regular monitoring by a responsible person. Lack of accountability & planning. Policy and processes for care of the patients in place Non Implementation of Different Codes in the facilities. Poor signage system.Well developed signage and displays for patient information. Absence of Patient & Employees’ satisfaction. Established. No measurable parameter for patient safety. Measurable parameters for patient safety are available. No realization of problems and weaknesses. A clear understanding of what is lackin g and what needs to be done. No monitoring or reporting of adverse events, needle stick injury, Sentinel events etc. These are being reported and are monitored. Practically non-existent security arrangement Availability of well trained security guards Absence of quality standards. Quality standards e. g. medical audit, management f medication, care of patients etc practiced No participation in EQAS/ inter laboratory Participation in EQAS / inter laboratory comparison comparisons and achieving good scores in it. Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Journey of Quality Improvement (Cont)†¦ 21 5 Years Back BLACK for BOMB THREAT, PINK for CHILD ABDUCTION www. gujhealth. gov. in Today Poor publicity of available services in the villages and in the community. Name of the Facility 3rd Party evaluation & monitoring system by PRI members. All the service which are provide by the healthcare centre are display in the community and emergency ontact number also display. D r. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat A Success Story Quality Improvement Programme:- Gujarat Team work is available, role and responsibility of all staff is cleanly mention. No Evaluation and monitoring system by PRI members (3rd party evaluation). (3 RED for FIRE, YELLOW for EXTERNAL CALAMITIES, BLUE for CARDIAC ARREST, CoH No team work, only Individual approach rather then team . Unidentified role and responsibility of staffs. Total Facility Under NABH /NABL Total Facility Under NABH /NABL which catering Tribal population Total Accredited facilities CoH 23 11 2 Medical college Hospitals 2 0 0 Medical college, Blood banks 0 6 2 5 2 No display of the Right and responsibly of the patients and employees in the facilities. www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena 4 2 1 2 1 2 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 Primary Health Centers (PHCs) 29 14 12 6 Community Health Centers (CHCs) Proper display of Right and responsibly of the patients and employees in the facilities. 2 2 Paraplegia Hospi tal, Ahmedabad Progress of the referred patient also monitoring by th the health centre on regular basis. ( Bi directional referral service). 6 Mental Hospitals Dental Hospitals No responsibility of referred patients . Medical college, LaboratoriesProper monitoring of Up time, down time & utilization of the instrument & equipment. 26 11 1 1 NABL Food & Drug Laboratories Total Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 23 22 Total Accredited facilities which catering tribal population District Hospitals No monitoring of Up time & down time of the instruments. 20 Today Inadequate infrastructure for handling biomedical waste and infection control safety practices www. gujhealth. gov. in Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat www. gujhealth. gov. in 2 1 103 45 Dr. J. L. Meena 2 1 28 13 Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 24 India’s 1st & 2nd NABH Accredited PHC CoHCoH from Tribal Area from Tribal Area www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of G ujarat Benefits to Patients 25 CoH Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Quality Improvement Programme High Quality of Care cont High Quality of Care cont†¦ www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 29 Time Morning: 9. 00 to 13. 00 Evening: 16. 00 to 18. 00 ,, ,, ,, 24 hours ,, ,, ,, ,, 9. 00 to 14. 00 Tuesday & Friday 9. 00 to 16. 00 Daily ( Except holidays) Morning: 9AM to 1 PM Evening: 4 to 6 PM Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of GujaratProvided baby kits to new born for prevent Infection & hypothermia www. gujhealth. gov. in CoH Day Certificates of age, fitness and sickness Lab services Homeopathic treatment treatment Indoor services Delivery Emergency services Vehicle for referral Medico legal services MAMTA Clinic ( Immunization, medical check-up, treatment IEC Family planning services for treatment, IEC & Family planning services for expectant mothers, children & adolescent) 11 NSV, Abdominal tubecto my , MTP & Hydrocele operation 12 All National Programme www. gujhealth. gov. in 26 Daily ( Except holidays) ,, ,, ,, Daily ,, ,, ,, ,, Monday OPD Services 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 27 CoH Availability of Services at PHC level 1 CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat www. gujhealth. gov. in Sr Name of service ?Availability of Health services with High quality of care. ?Dedicated and sincere medical staff ?Access to a quality focused organization ?Rights respected and protected ?Patient Satisfaction evaluated ?Involvement in care process ?Patient safety ?Pain management ?Safe transport ?Continuity of care www. gujhealth. gov. in India’s 1st NABH Accredited CHC Welcoming infrastructure†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ infrastructure†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Dr. J. L. Meena 28 CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 30 Quality Improvement ProgrammeHigh Quality of Care cont High Quality of Care cont†¦ www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Quality Improvement P rogramme High Quality of Care cont High Quality of Care cont†¦ www. gujhealth. gov. in CoH CoH CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Quality Improvement Programme Management of Medicine Management of Medicine†¦ 31 33 CoH Quality Improvement Programme High Quality of Care cont High Quality of Care cont†¦ www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 35 Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Quality Improvement ProgrammeQualitative Laboratory services Qualitative Laboratory services†¦ www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Safety of patients & employees†¦ of patients employees www. gujhealth. gov. in 32 CoH Change the Scenario†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Before www. gujhealth. gov. in CoH 34 CoH After Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 36 Change the Scenario†¦. Biomedical waste practice†¦ waste practice Before www. gujhealth. gov. in After Dr. J. L. Meena H ealth & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Recreational & skill development www. gujhealth. gov. in CoH CoH Dr. J. L. Meena CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of GujaratOccupational Therapy Unit 37 39 CoH Change the Scenario†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Safe drinking water†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ drinking water After Before www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Recreational & skill development www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena CoH CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Quality Improvement Programme Quality food services to patients attendants Quality food services to patients & attendants†¦ 38 40 CoH CHC Bardoli, which catering Tribal Population www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 41 www. gujhealth. gov. in Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 2 India’s 1st NABH Accredited Mental Hospital Vadodara Hospital Vadodara CoH CoH NO. OF DELIVERY AT PHC CoH 44077 45000 41146 585 36867 40000 35000 600 3372 9 31359 582 586 513 500 30000 400 25000 20000 282 300 15000 200 10000 5000 86 1777 1719 1530 1414 1386 100 0 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 No. of OPD per Year 2011-12 Dr. J. L. Meena www. gujhealth. gov. in 0 2012-13 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 IPD Number per Year Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 43 PHC:- Salun, Dist:- Kheda www. gujhealth. gov. in CoH Adverse Donor Reaction CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 44 CoH Issue of Components CoH 9 59,481 50 45 40 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 60,000 39 54,067 50,000 42,033 32 40,000 25 20 30,000 23,849 20,000 13,820 10,000 0 2008-09 www. gujhealth. gov. in 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Blood Bank:- Civil Hospital Ahmedabad 2012-13 2008-09 Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Specimen Analysis 100000 45 CoH CoH 98 2012-13 Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 46 100 105 85 70 80 60000 2011-12 Critical value reporting CoH CoH 100 69010 59897 2010-11 Blood Bank:- Civil Hospital Ahmedabad 120 88660 78105 80000 www. gujhealth. gov. in 2009-10 60 40000 30522 40 20000 20 0 0 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2009 2010 011 2012 www. gujhealth. gov. in Biochemistry Lab:- Sir T Bhavnagar Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 47 www. gujhealth. gov. in Biochemistry Lab:- Sir T Bhavnagar Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 48 Benefits to Staff Surgical Site Infection (SSI) CoH CoH ?Professional staff development ?Provides education on laid down standards ?Provides leadership for quality improvement within medicine and nursing ?Increases satisfaction with continuous learning, good working environment, leadership and ownership 0. 59 0. 6 0. 5 0. 35 0. 4 0. 27 0. 3 0. 16 0. 0. 1 0 2009-10 www. gujhealth. gov. in 2010-11 2010 2011-12 2011 Dist Hospital:- Gandhinagar 2012-13 2012 Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Professional staff development Managerial / Administrative training to MO / Head. www. gujhealth. gov. in CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Professional staff development Special clinical skill training on minor surgical procedure, obstetrics care, new born care, basic life support and local anesthesia block. www. gujhealth. gov. in 49 Programme implementation training to MO / Head. Dr. J. L. Meena Dr. J. L. Meena CoH CoH 51 CoH www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. MeenaHealth & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Professional staff development Induction training to staff at all levels. ll www. gujhealth. gov. in 50 CoH Job based skills training. based skills training. Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Quality Management & Internal Audit Training Audit Training 52 CoH Disaster Management Disaster Management Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 53 www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 54 NABH ACCREDITATION AWARD FUNCTION BY GOVT. OF GUJARAT & QCI, NEW DELHI www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena CoH CoH Health & Fami ly Welfare, Govt of GujaratAward for India 1st NABH Accredited Mental Hospital :- Hospital for Mental health – Vadodara, Govt of Gujarat given by Shri Jaynarayan Vyas, Hon’ble Health Minister, Government of Gujarat 55 Award for NABH Accredited PHC :- Primary Health Center – Kandolpada, Navsari-Gujarat, Govt of Gujarat given by Shri Jaynarayan Vyas, Hon’ble Health Minister, Government of Gujarat Benefits to Hospital CoH ?Improves care care ?Brings in Corporate Governance ?Stimulates continuous improvement ?Demonstrates commitment to quality care commitment to quality care ?Raises community confidence ?Opportunity to benchmark with the bestAward for NABH Accredited PHC :- Primary Health Center – Tankal, Navsari-Gujarat, Govt of Gujarat given by Shri Jaynarayan Vyas, Hon’ble Health Minister, Government of Gujarat www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 60 Main entrance should be easily identifiable, welc oming, well lit and with mattress. CoH CoH PHC Mahuwas, Tribal area PHC www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 61 Quality Improvement Programme Welcoming infrastructure†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ infrastructure†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ CHC Bardoli, which catering Tribal Population www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. MeenaHealth & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Quality Improvement Programme District Hospital Godhara (Tribal area) Hospital Godhara (Tribal area) CHC Bardoli, which catering Tribal Population CoH HMH Ahmedabad presents an excellent example of effective functioning of Boards of Visitors and active involvement of NGO sector in patients Care, Capacity building & rehabilitation , and has the potential to become a good center of education and research in Mental Health Field Field. www. gujhealth. gov. in A – Grade Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 62 CoH DH Godhara, which catering Tribal Population www. gujhealth. gov. inRemarks of representativ e of National Human Right Commission (NHRC) now†¦ CoH 65 Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Benefits to Community 64 CoH ?Quality revolution ?Disaster preparedness preparedness – Epidemics – Physical ?Access to comparative database www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 66 All the Services provided by PHC Gadboriad are displayed in all the villages & roadside www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena CoH CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Mock drill and training for disaster management management 67 CoH Mock drill and training for disaster anagement management www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Quality Improvement Programme Involvement in National Programme Involvement in National Programme†¦ www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena 68 CoH PHC PHC Tankal, Kandolpada & Mahuwas, Navsari 69 CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Health & Fam ily Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Mock drill and training for disaster management management PHC Tankal, Kandolpada & Mahuwas, Navsari www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena CoH 71 www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat Quality Improvement ProgrammeInvolvement in National Programme Involvement in National Programme†¦ www. gujhealth. gov. in 70 CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat 72 Quality Improvement Programme Malnutrition awareness Malnutrition awareness†¦ www. gujhealth. gov. in CoH CoH Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat PRI Monitoring & Evaluation of CHC 73 CoH Quality Improvement Programme AIDS awareness programme AIDS awareness programme†¦ www. gujhealth. gov. in Dr. J. L. Meena Health & Family Welfare, Govt of Gujarat National & International Team Visit Niziriya Team Visit CoH 74 CoH Visit by Rajasthan Govt. MLAs with Speaker WHO Team Visit www. gujhealth. gov. in