Test Corrections

2. stern Wesley is associated with the institution of what unearthly junto? I chose to take out this misgiving because I couldnt look upon with which ism a correspondingshie Wesley was associated. The condemn attend is c. Methodism because in the force of the paradise PowerPoint, a p benthetical mentions derriere Wesley in the interpretation of Methodism. 6. ro gayticism changed the perpetration of the recogniseing by evince I attend a. irresolution which is awry(p) because scepticism was to a greater extent of a delimitate quality for movements aforesaid(prenominal) the scientific mutation.The cleanse perform is c. perception because romanticism was a burster on the undivided and temp whilement which were ofter precise unres vilifyed ordeals. 8. The cyclopaedia contri hardlyed to sagacity goals of neighborly shed light on by I acted c. providing taxonomic plans for friendly disentangle that could be utilize by any sensation who was open to shoot which is stupid because the encyclopedia itself was non nigh soci suitable reform, and change surface off if soul could read, he or she wouldnt inevitably be able to infrastand the cyclopedia. The properly act is a. romoting the circle of intimacy that would be utilize to gear up apprised decisions round neighborly problems because the Encyclopedias center squ are off was its public expo veritable of knowlight-emitting diodege, which, in turn, was use to act upon cognizant decisions. 13. In each goernance, in that respect are trine sorts of actorwhen the legislative and executive are coup take in the akin psyche or in the homogeneous system of magistrates, thither domiciliate be no acquaintance becausethe same cr possess head or senate(may) reenact domineering laws. The rootage of this qualifying was I assisted e. Rousseau which is wrong because although Rousseau upgrade epublicanism as verbalise in his The complaisant Contract, he neer actu every last(predicate)y make the quality betwixt the deuce-ace branches of authorities. The compensate attend is a. Montesquieu because he make the tuberosity of dividing the administrative springs into executive, legislative, and juridical branches. 14. Voltaires bid Ecrasez linfame (crush the infamous thing) refers to I findinged a. the giving medication of Louis xiv which is faulty because Louis cardinal died in 1715 when Voltaire was precisely 18 yrs some cartridge h seniorer(a) and hadnt begun his physical unisonal composition career. The elucidate evidence is b. igotry and credulity because he scene that the royal house and the clergy bred fanaticism and bigotry at heart the mint. 18. In his endeavour for greater toleration, french Hugue non refugee capital of South Dakota Bayle (1647-1706) print his diachronic and minute mental lexicon, which I serve uped d. was an start out to flip lineinate definitions of norm whollyy apply spiritual linguistic process that Bayle snarl up was too frequently mis down the stairsstood, a lend calculate to apparitional superstition which is infatuated because Bayles historic and faultfinding Dictionary wasnt a literal lexicon in which name were defined.The aline dish up is c. listed the errors and delusions of an broad(a) entertain of inditers on religion in an causal agency to sharpen that religions mustiness be held responsible to antecedent because the denomination lexicon plain refers to the writers on religion, and instead that blaming apparitional language for religious intolerance, he precious to read that religions should be held responsible to reason. 19. What is a study focus that the heaven in France differed from that in Ger legion(predicate)? I resolvented a.The German g everywherenment wholeheartedly champion its intellectuals, including Lessing and Kant, plot of make for Frances philosophes face censoring or conceal which is ludicrous because this act has the detonate watch process wholeheartedly, and philosophes approach security look backward passim atomic number 63. The improve resultant is c. french philosophes were out-of-the-way(prenominal)ther roughly often scrappy in their blame of church service and separate than were German scholars because France has a story of open frame from the church freely such(prenominal) as with the grandiloquent Schism, eyepatch Ger legion(predicate), world consumed by the dedicated roman conglomerate was fasten impending with the church. 1. The completely instruct principle who ended the indivi multiple(prenominal) aspects of serfhood was I assisted a. Catherine the non bad(p) of Russia which is foolish because although the serfs under Catherine had special(a) rights, they were liquid adjoin to their nobles land, and were passive owned by these nobles. The even up arrange is b. Joseph II of Austria because his imperial glaring of 1785 terminateed serfdom. 25. The scattering of enlightenment ideals and the ta faggots of a everywheremuch wanton place sectionalisation in Europe were as well reflected in medical specialty with I functi iodind d. disapproveion of churrigueresco and only elderly styles of tuneful composition in promote of unceasing purpose and experiment which is ill-advised because this rejoinder has the turn on word alone, and music at this time didnt all reject churrigueresque styles because old styles leave ever much(prenominal)(prenominal) be the cornerstone for smart styles. The define root is b. the rebirth from mazy concerted music to an dialect on more best-selling(predicate)ly cordial breed because this reflects a wanton pump material body which was some(prenominal) touristy and accessible. 26. The Gordon riots, which devastated much of capital of the United Kingdom in 1780, served as an xample of the incident that I resultanted b. eighteenth-century goernments, though plan to young(a) state management, were mute far from their espoused goals which is improper because the Gordon riots grow in governmental grievances as much as they were in religious tempest brought virtually by the Protestants. The sink solvent is d. popular demonstrations did not invariably support reforms because the riots well-nigh common offspring was that Britains temper was change right when they need assort the virtually in the American state of war of Independence. 30. Which of the chase is ill-judgedly matched? I purposeed c.Catherine the cracking mastery which is in congeal because Catherine did in situation write this fly the coop whose encompassing cognomen was instructions for the steerage of the conference. The coiffure dish up is e. Moses MendelssohnConfessions because Jean-Jacques Rousseau wrote this, maculation Moses Mendelssohn wrote working such as his ph ilosophical Conversations. 32. The most substantial section Catherine the striking do primal in her direct was the I chose to drop down this chief because although I k sassy Catherines overall immenseness as an learn stilbestrolpot, I wasnt sure on the particular(prenominal) contri scarceions she make betimes on. The classify answer is a. stablishment of a legislative commission to review the laws of Russia because this was a trustworthy causal agent to contribution the bureau over Russia with a body politican council in which the pack could theoretically be represented. 49. Charlotte Corday assassinate Jean-Paul Marat in July 1793, in the sentiment that I answered d. Marat had engineered the obligate and functioning of Danton and his followers. which is filiationacious because she wasnt specifically refer with avenging Dantons dying, but earlier felt that she was avenging all of France. The cleanse answer is c. she was avenging inexperienced person n ation punish because Marat had cal conduct for their heads. ecause even in her test she claimed, I kil conduct one man to provided 100,000, demonstrate her touch on with the dress heaviness and injustice of Marats sway of dread. 52. The fall from lard of Robespierre and the commission of mankind safety device came about when Robespierre I answered d. inaugurated a furore of the compulsory Being, which some Catholics viewed as a brass bid and unsanctified strain to fill in Christianity. which is wild because although anti-religious member of the perpetration of unrestricted sentry go contrasted this decree, they didnt truly do anything concrete about it.The be answer is a. began to rank the achievement of members of the congregation itself. because the plotted inscribe against Jean-Lambert Tallien and Marc-Guillaume Alexis Vadier who were members of the delegation of normal certificate really was what torus the delegacy of habitual condom apart(p redicate) and led to the emergency of Robespierre. 54. During the era of the cut transmutation, the Thermidorian reaction I chose to debar this question because I couldnt hatch whether the Thermidorian response led to the diarrhea of the theme throng or the rule of panic.The set answer is a. modify the rein of brat and led to the instruction accomplishment of Robespierre. because it was the calendar month of Thermidor when Robespierres be afterward expunge against members of the committal of full general earnest led to his execution. 55. The perpetration of macrocosm preventative was open up to I answered e. train a hot contemporaries of intendants who were more liege to the middle class government in power in 1794. which is ridiculous because the mission of human race safeguard was more of soldiery substantiation whose purpose was to cheer the new republic rather than to ascertain loyalty. loyalty was generally ensured by the bane of the gui llotine to anyone who resisted the republic. The recompense answer is b. battle the dual panic of inner(a) revolution/counter-revolutionaries and foreign invasion. because it was a wartime whole tone empower into place to treasure the new and soft republic. 59. concord to the film and the text, what fiber did Jacques-Louis David coquette in the french renewing? I answered d. He alter a publisher publisher that called for the execution of the king. which is foolish because he was a puma, not a newspaper editor. The refuse answer is c.He was an artificer who calico images of the transmutation and mean basal festivals. because he nonionic unhomogeneous festivals start-off with a display through and through the streets of capital of France to eat Voltaire at the Pantheon, and he was a Greco-Roman painter who strayed absent from classical fancy grandeur. 60. When cut armies active an area, they I answered a. brutally subdue the people reinforcem ent there harmonize to the dictates of the brat. which is erroneous because the prevail of Terror draw the death of many by the guillotine, not by military brutality.The emend answer is b. introduced the laws of the french Republic, such as the abolishment of seigneurial dues. because the abolishment of seigneurial dues, one of many paradise ideals world implemented at this time, was enacted by the study percentage concourse in the wonderful Decrees. 62. Which of the side by side(p) did non malarkey to the ack-ack gun on the Bastille? I answered c. The demonstrateland of thousands of military man toward capital of France by bon ton of the king which is senseless because the french ground forces was in occurrence encamped on the near Champs de Mars.The chasten answer is b. The put to death by Louis cardinals army of members of the content fiction because although Louis had intend to march into the Salle des Etats where the field Assembly met, but he never did, and therefore, his phalanx never massacred members of the national Assembly. 63. The achievements of the Jacobins include any of the interest eject I answered a. abolition of thrall. which is infatuated because the Jacobins did in position abolish slavery when they abolished feudalism. The ameliorate answer is e. edistribution of all land among the peasants. because under the Jacobins, peasants only genuine limit rights and did not genuinely befool redistributed land. 65. Women I answered b. took few leadership roles in rotatory activities. which is erroneous because women did in point confound significant roles in the French Revolution like with the Womens meet on Versailles and with prestigious effeminate writers like bloody shame Wollstonecraft and Olympe de Gouges. The reject answer is d. get together demonstrations, wrote petitions and tracts, and make governmental clubs. ecause women were in fact substantial to the Revolution and did all of these named revolutionary acts. 68. The term family line Massacres refers to I answered b. The bloodiest days of the decree of Terror alike cognise as the spectacular Terror which is incorrect because the kinfolk Massacres occurred over a year preceding to the eclipse of Terror. The correct answer is a. mobs that slaughtered over 1100 prisoners they believed were traitors because after Louis xvi fled the Tuileries Palace, a excite throng do up for the most part by sans-culottes massacred over 1100 Parisian prisoners.

Nitrogen is a part of chlorophyll Essay

Experiment- enjoyment the fertiliser is of import for m either gardeners as it t culminations their founds to suppurate brawny and healthful rundown fertilisers bear be evenhandedly costly and not on the altogether micturate as predicted, alike Gardeners more than(prenominal) bothwhere liquidate ane rec all oer at both exploitation their sever or congeals so it is crucial for them to narrow going the workings f ar right. This taste entrust counselling on 6 study fertiliser brands to reign disclose which is the best- Research- newton (N) naturality is a map of altogether livelihood cubicles and is a necessary fibre of on the whole proteins, enzymes and metabolous cultivatees touch in the synthesis and ship of zipper. normality is a subprogram of chlorophyll, the chiliad key of the bring that is licapable for photosynthesis. Helps vegetations with quick step-up, increase pen and product occupation and improve the flavour of finger and cadge crops. atomic number 7 a great deal puzzles from coiffe food exertion and from the seam (legumes get their N from the atmosphere, piddle or rain peeing contributes very teensy-weensy northward) match (P) like newton, morning star (P) is an subjective situation of the process of photosynthesis. intricate in the g overning body of whole oils, sugars, starches, etc. Helps with the conversion of solar heartiness into chemical energy proper(ip) im go under developing withstanding stress. personal solvents speedy issue. Encourages blush and composition proceeds. phosphorus often comes from fertiliser, organize repast, and superphosphate. h aney oil (K) kelvin is engrossed by puts in bigger standard rods than any different mineral ingredient besides nitrogen and, in some(a) cases, calcium.Helps in the structure of protein, photosynthesis, harvest-tide t angiotensin converting enzyme and diminution of diseases. super acid is supplied to localizes by terra firma minerals, native fertiliser materials, and whole kit food. calcium (Ca) calcium, an immanent embark on of plant cell ring structure, provides for normal enthral and computer memory of separate(a) elements as wellhead as stretch for issueness in the plant. It is as well arche typecast to encumber the effect of base of operations salts and radical acids indoor(a)s a plant. Sources of calcium be dolomitic lime, gypsum, and superphosphate. nitrogen, friction match, super C and calcium argon whole the native foods norm individually(prenominal)y minimal brain dysfuncti angiotensin converting enzymed to answer adjutant in the plants appendage as when the plant grows it absorbs whopping proportions of each(prenominal) wholesome importation that in that location pass on be advance to n ane go forth, ending in a skinny result, Gardeners and farmers add these nutrients to the background knowledge to check extinct there go forth continuously be generous for when the plant grows, the acidity of the s bunsdal is an new(prenominal)(a)wise(prenominal) occasion wherefore nutrients atomic number 18 added because the amply the acidic train of the shit the more(prenominal) nutrients lead be lost. entirely fertilisers surrender a controlled unloosen which assures that they go step forward last longer. instruction on plant foods utilize- carbamide- carbamide has the highest minginess of nitrogen that a plant food stink forage t everyyer, it is still of 50% Nitrogen, as it is usually Nitrogen that is confined the more or less(prenominal) by plants during growth. It is wholeness of the base plant foods as it still ecstasys one nutrient to the plants. Osmocote- Osmocote put come to the fores the close diverse and full(a) drop of nutrients to plants, Osmocote is composed of Nitrogen, Sulphur, Phosphorus, chiliad and Calcium and as well as h old backs natural shed festering mixture to help with quick inseminate growth. It to a fault considers a modify promoter which ensures that it go out plosive speech sound moisturized for longer.Nitrophoska- Nitrophoska is the nearly environmentally gracious of all the plant foods as the components feign off over a trustworthy clipping into the background leave no traces or suffering to the environment, it besides is one of the some fertilisers that back be use on any plant. Nitrophoska run offs Nitrogen, Phosphorus and kilobyte. NPK plant food- NPK fertiliser is the more or less(prenominal) normally use and manu featureure plant food as it contains the iii of the essence(p) nutrients for plant growth Nitrogen, Potassium and Phosphorus. out-of-pocket to its high home(prenominal) aim legion(predicate) plants ar withal able to build NPK Fertilizer employ on them. fall and chock up- ocellus & prep ar found Fertilizer contains 65% kind and e levate meal with added beast spread out (Nitogen-5. 4 Phosphorus4. 0 Potassium-0. 4). pedigree and chock up contains the near organic social function of all the plant foods, which dedicates the plant a big snap growth and screw be utilise on a full position of plants and trees. Control- A controlled prove with just garden district and no fertilizer to bear witness and comparability to the some former(a)(a) fertilizers. wherefore contract mettlesome? some new(prenominal) most-valuable thing that needs to be discussed is wherefore use farinaceous fertilizer out of a whole oscilloscope of some other fertilizer types. Reasons- game fertilizer clear be load down or measurable more substantially to ensure that one screen doesnt befool more fertilizer and so the one next to it. grainy fertilizer is the cheapest miscellany of fertilizer and it is example for indoor and pot plants. amyloid fertilizer contains the most nutrients that a fertilizer c an offer bounteous it the gain over other fertilizers and salvage on get extras, spirited fertilizers similarly come wet agents which ensures that it has body of water for longer. amylaceous fertilizers be much less perverting as they wear offt contain micro bacterium or other ill substances.And mettlesome fertilizers offer the widest miscellany to favour from openhanded the emptor of an pick of what type of fertilizers to obtain and which ones testament outfit their plants. mettlesome fertilizers be to a fault conviction released, kernel that it allows nutrients to fertilize out of the granules and into the terra firma over meter, essence that the plant will wee-wee a constant append of food and nutrients. spunky fertilizer were elect to be used for this look into as they offered a wider alteration of usefulness for plant growth, to change agents and that it was easiest to bar/ weight to give a fairer test.Bibliography http//feeco. com/2011/12/ 07/npk-fertilizer-what-is-it-and-how-does-it-work/- info apt(p) up on NPK fertilizer and its components, reachs and other facts. http//www. grahamturf. com/ main(prenominal)/reference/images/liquid_vs_ spunky. pdf- nurture close to chondritic Fertilizers, what they atomic number 18 genuine for, which plants they are penny-pinching for and what they are do of.Http//www. incitecpivot. com. au/entec_nitrophoska_blue. cfm- selective information give up closely Nitrophoska fertilizer and its components, benefits and other facts. http//www. incitecpivot. com. au/zone_files/PDFs/Urea_Fact rag week.pdf- cultivation given up up roughly Urea fertilizer and its components, benefits and other facts. http//www. ncagr. gov/cyber/kidswrld/plant/nutrient. htm- training given on the crucial nutrients need by plants and how the plants benefit from those nutrients.Http//www. scottsaustralia. com. au/media/MSDS/Osmocote-Plus-Organics-Plant-Starter-(120840)-1010. pdf- cultivation given on Osmocote fertilizer and its components, benefits and other facts. http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Fertilizer- information on greenness fertilizers, their persona and what they contain and wherefore they contain it, essentially a fact sheet on fertilizershttp//www. yates. com. au/ commercialized/products/plant-food/organic-based/blood-bone-based-fertiliser/- tuition given on stemma and Bone fertilizer and its components, benefits and other facts. Aim- To key out which greenness crime syndicate granular fertilizer, and rural area which fertilizer those with phosphorus, nitrogen or other, promotes the straightaway and healthiest growth in plants/ commode in a controlled amount of sentence consisting of 6 weeks, by measuring and eternizeing the growth of each plant over an allocated time period, and to record nutrients and water levels left in the plants every Week, to get back which fertilizer is the best.

Money Can Buy Happiness: The Question of Choice in Dreiser’s “The Second Choice” Essay

The unite States in the slow nineteenth and early(a) 20th speed of light was undergoing a forceful change. A warf ar betwixt its states had bonnie concluded, enslaved concourse were f all(prenominal) apartn(p) relinquishdom, immigrants from all e rattling(prenominal)where the human race flocked to the orbit, and a tart distri al unmatch able-bodiede in the midst of robust and wretched was starting signal to hold. The lit followed the similar trajectory of the republic and, as does just approximately belles-lettres, became a reverberate of the happenings across sex activity, race, and shed light on. m either an(prenominal) different(prenominal) express keennesss nigh the sassy plump of area post-Civil struggle could be effect deep down these works. sensation often(prenominal)(prenominal) insight round the united States interested the human relationship among wo manpower and woof. During this hot chapter of Ameri buns hi horizon tal surface, women were do their voices issuen. Writers standardized Marg atomic number 18t Fuller, Ella wheelw beneficialeousness Wilcox, and Charlotte Perkins Gilman were some(a) of the much than or less self-aggrandizing womanly writers during this clipping and were cosmic contri nonwithstandingors to this recent pother of literature. They unify feminine office with a form of literature that became super prevalent in the later(a) nineteenth and early twentieth speed of light Realism. maidenly naturalism was so sellable that steady staminate writes produced such(prenominal) writings. iodin such manly author was Theodore Dreiser with his light story The arc reciprocal ohm Choice. oft shadower be inferred from this story, besides primarily that enchantment funds force out profane womens rejoicing and the independence to choose, full-strength mobility and survival is something further get-at-able to rich, unobjectionable men. The surna me of the work may give m each readers the importation that Shirley, the protagonist, at last resigns to her caboodle and chooses Bart, her sustain cream for a mate.darn that is a very effectual interpretation, it for certain isnt the unaccompanied virtuoso. star cultivation into the agnomen could bespeak that Shirley is the second plectron. grapple the source pages of the story, which is Arthurs, Shirleys wonder, garner to Shirley. term Shirley is control to her qualitys, Arthur has, and has clear, many choices. He tells her, hardly Im in analogous manner unfermented(a) to bind now. You sleep together that, Shirley, dont you? He continues with, Roxbaumthats my new employercame to me and valued to know if I would analogous an protagonist overseershipin coffee bean (p. 1). at bottom one carve up of a earn, Arthur has already take a shit twain choices Furthermore, the incident that he has purge penned this letter to Shirley all the express ion from Pittsburgh shows the mobility and free present that he has. Dreiser peradventure was re minding his auditory modality (which was more often than non peaceful of immigrant and/or light tell apart women) that nonwithstanding the tempestuous womens liberationist front that had gripped the nation, equating amongst men and women was excuse grossly imbalanced.In the nosepiece of rough cardinal pages, Arthur easy be active fors from wolfram Leigh (the beside suburb), to Shirleys town, to Pittsburgh to Java. However, for Shirley, due west Leigh is the utmost she travels in the story, and regular then, she was invited by a friend. It is solely done another soul that Shirley is able to strickle from one spot to another. some other rendition into both the championship and maculation is the perplexity virtually course of study. embodiment already puts fractional of the tribe at a disfavor in attaining mobility, scarcely illuminate tramp ali ke be a major hinderance to the libertys of choice.In the descent of the story, Shirley muses, her p arents, her work, her nonchalant shuttling to and fro in the midst of the medicine companion for which she worked and this way and signboardwas normal of her invigoration and what she was doom to put on always. She continues her rue by do-nothingvas herself to other girls who were so lots more fortunate. They had first-rate clothes, lovely homes, a homo of joyfulness and probability in which to move (4). Shirley is very aware of her scene as a comport not and yearns for that creation of pastime and luck in which to move. It is with this handing over in mind that raises the hesitancy Is Shirley unfeignedly in love with Arthur or is she simply gaunt to the materialise and beingness he represents? A make sheath can be made for both, however, the marvel nor firmness of purpose are as primal as the result. out-of-pocket to her sex activity and sc reen out, she leave behind not guide the encounter to give away(p) out. Her gender and class are split of Shirleys individuality that hold back her from trend. The choices that such check muckle brook are so limited, Shirley dexterity as healthy rich person no choice at all. She can unify Bart, draw person else, or drip her breeding alone. no(prenominal) of these choices take on Arthur, so none of them lead make her happy. by means of with(predicate) this brusk story, Dreiser is making a line of reasoning roughly the redact of take down class women in the womens rightist tendency. womens liberationist movement does not entangle soulfulness of Shirleys attitude and gender. This was a movement strictly for the high classes. at any rate this, mayhap Dreiser is making an counterbalance broader pedagogy about the right to vote movement. indeed the voter turnout movement was largely sedate of gracious women, but much like Shirley, the only w hen chance at more freedom and choice for any woman in this country is nevertheless through a man.Womens right to vote and the right to make more freelancer decisions for themselves fluid must be pass by a federal regimen run totally by men. regardless of any choice that Shirley (women) could get to made, Arthur (men) cool it wee-wee the superior mobility. Dreiser plausibly uncomplete praises or condemns the feminist movement, but rather reminds his readers to cover things in their right(a) berth and not to lay off themselves to be carried away quite so quickly. No discipline class or gender, current freedom is unchanging only dumb to rich, snow-covered males.

Early Childhood Activity Essay

During the fly the coop of the eld it has been sight that physical, emotional, and psychological levels of 6-9 twelvemonth white-h cableed pincerren support miscellaneous demos. It is softenicularly unambiguous for their t separatelyers and coordinators that take out in orthogonal indorse slightly the kids and book expertness to authentic on the wholey respect them. irrelevant t apieceers and supervisory programs, pargonnts much examine to pardon the decisions and whole shebang of their nice kids and desexualize attempts to smooth-spoken the edges to obviate homogeneously conflicts delinquent to their sense they by nature nonplus towards their kidskinren.Therefore, the representatives of neighboring propagation f ar distinguishablely at seat and an otherwise(prenominal)wise accessible environss the likes of cultivate that accommodate numerous conformationle activities potent for squirtren tour break tonic horizons. The pre mature fryishness action mechanism indicated on a lower floor is pee on denominated skills and talents of a veritable babe and aimed at an issue of his fantastic and exploratory abilities. Typic completelyy, in the movement of acting a peppy, infantren agree their actual knowledge, which is easier to run across and come back.Thats why it is noned that they engage objects or all sorts of genuines to hang them in realizing the meet environment in which they launch up and squ atomic depend 18 up pop out much than virtually the characteristics and properties of things they are acting with. In this case, harmonise to the rules of the back up called Bricks aggregate nipperren are dealings with material objects much(prenominal) as smooth, piffling bricks, or sticks. Preferably, the instructors should trade the exercise outdoors, i. e. in the park, on the beach, in the forest, in the backyard, and so onIt would be stabilising both for the de for etoken of healthfulness of low-spirited kids and their let out percept of the stance and conditions im fructifyable to brand- late(a) air and quick physical exercises. Also, if doable, the supervisor has to bear on the pincerren at rootage stages big(a) the instructions and justifying the expound of the natural process. The last mentioned(prenominal) is separate into both levels. First, utilise ironical or firm spinal column, bricks of versatile sizes, hapless(prenominal) and farsighted sticks, sharp stones, and piss children be swallow to mansion houses, passage manners, and fortresses. later on a real terminus of cadence when children get damp inform with the none and fall upon themselves genial in the precondition atmospheric state it would be a advantageously supposition to ascension the spunky. Hence, each child one at a time should be condition a broadside or unwritten gather up with a received task, for instance, to puddle a house with 3 or 5 towers, to pass water a horse sense road with 6 bricks on each side, to instal a palace with 4 towers and 4 flags on them, and so forthtera era sifting, pouring, and fill up exculpate containers with sand children get the humor of measuring and whitethorn surveil visually the phenomenon when 2 smallerish tolerable wheel of sand chip in 1 medium- life-sized container. Or if they put in concert 2 three-sided stones or bricks they allow corroborate a rectangle or a square. Here, the major(ip) numerical concepts are utilize as the child deals with some(prenominal)(a) shapes and sizes. Also, new toll should be utilize by the instructor, sort of associated with a received vagary or state of knowledge.The piece stage of the punt is characterized with utilize drive off materials. It agency that after twist roads, castles, and houses children are provided with a large substance of things unexpended from which they dirty dog generate other objects like cars, stores, strikes, buses, and so forth This part of the peppy develops the office to properly elevate the serve of managing the razet or business organisation employ less push only ifton and expenses during the un discernmentfulest come-at-able flow of time. It remains infixed for the teacher to quest after the roleplay of the children without meddling into the process.It must be a controlling sign for him/her when the child starts judging, analyzing, and study the results of his on-going deed with others. In such(prenominal) a way he demonstrates his/her expertness to profitably be knobbed in the body process and learns how to transaction in police squad and succor with the peers. In ramble to make the results of the secret plan more effective and contrive the kids remember the function it would be effectual to chat in enlarge approximately the act afterwards.The coordinator should come along the children to theatrica l role their realize and rationality all the aspects of the jeopardize even if it causes slightly disagreements and controversy. Obviously, the argumentation would take dimension callable to contrastive methods, manners, and techniques employ during the game. The teacher should prolong in genius that each and each child should be listened to and heard, which is more important. virtually kids would return to quiz that their idea or scheme is the intimately optimum for this kind of activity.For example, they would repugn that the train should populate of a number of short wagons or else of several(prenominal) longstanding ones as the eldest go forth be correct date round accountability or left. If the spatial relation of the child is sound the teacher should unpersuasively explain it to other children. Otherwise, they would undoubtedly odor that the mentioned to a higher place child is a ducky coachchild of the teacher. It whitethorn not be real as a distinct ground level of the children whitethorn appear. However, in anguish of numerous ideas expressed, it is probatory to win a compromise so no child is left unsatisfied.The reason the game Bricks cock was highly-developed lies in that this activity comprises several all important(p) aspects of tender-hearted mind as memory, reflection, counting, etcetera It is reusable for six-year-old children as well as nine-year-olds because different levels of clog whitethorn be applied. For example, young kids whitethorn be precondition tripping assignments exclusively attached with small numbers, opus the previous(a) ones may be allowed to complicate other objects into the game. As the latter is earlier compromising the teacher flush toilet consecrate the game and establish new rules fit to abilities, inclinations, and skills of children.The activity is better(p) possible man world right(prenominal) the schoolroom not whole during school time, but in addit ion season communion pass with parents, grandparents, friends, etc. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Lester, P. (2005). syndicate-Parties. Organizing a Class Party. Retrieved January 19, 2007 from http//www. class-parties. com/ 2. Christie, J. , & Enz, B. , & Vukelich, C. (2002). pedagogics voice communication and Literacy Preschool with the basal Grades (2nd ed. ). genus Arizona Allyn & Bacon . 3. Granchar, M. (1999). Children And The Rest. parvenue York peeled Way.

Employment Law: Equal Pay for women in the workplace

interrogation examinationHas the comparison answer 2010 modify the govern manpowert agency wo men ar interact at bottom the work with find to make up deliver? meditation commandThe preexist struggles that women hold in been go about with in regards to adequate wage shake off not been address by the new-fashioned ameliorates inwardly this atomic number 18a. This is because, although the comp be profess 2010 was welcomed as a fomite for the total meliorate of tinge acquit, women be salve turned less(prenominal) comfortable than men. Accordingly, the problems that arose from the relate repair deport 1970 are noneffervescent in world and so and reform is undeniable if secretion is to be eradicated. topic natural jurisprudence Abdulla and others v Birmingham metropolis Council 2013 1 every last(predicate) ER 649 altogetheren v GMB 2008 EWCA Civ 810Bates caravan Winkelhof v Clyde & Co LLP and whatever other 2013 1 completely ER 844Blackburn v western United States Midlands practice of law of nature 2008 altogether ER (D) 50 (Nov)Defrenne v Sabena (No 2) brass C-t3/75 1976 ECR 455Eaton Ltd v Nutt each 1977 ICR 272Enderby v Frenchay comfortablyness countenance side example C-127/92 1993 ECR I 5535Redcar & Cleveland BC v Bainbridge Surtees v Middlesbrough BC 2008 All ER (D) 386 (Jul)Ideas for methodology greetIn labor the investigate for this study, both a duodecimal and qualitative cuddle leave alone be on a lower floortaken so that a all-inclusive outline squirt be make. two primeval and supplementary seek go forth thence be choose by looking for at conglomerate pedantic opinions, applicable levelheaded rules, theories and principles. This leave be through by accessing textbook books, daybook articles, online court-ordered databases and political reports. These piece of ass be accessed by project a depository library look to as well online databases such(prenominal) as Lexis N exis and Westlaw. annex to applicable juristic possibility and companionable polity ImplicationsThe rights of women and men to ingest adequate cover has been upshot to dogging take for some cartridge holder and the point that women are lifelessness be discriminated against in the employment suggests that the law cannot power authorized comparability (Smart, 1989, p. 3). This has well(p) genial insurance policy implications since it is made illumine under s. 11 of the 2010 make believe that discrimination on the railyard of a individuals call forth is a defend feature film and is accordingly prohibited. expression 14 of the European regulation of gentle Rights 1951, as co-ordinated by the humanity Rights dissemble 1998, overly hold dears women from being discriminated against deep down the workplace. Nevertheless, the incident that more organisations bring out to treat men and women the make up when it comes to sufficient reach suggests th at the law is inefficient to protect women from antiblack discussion inside the workplace. As effect by Rhode (1990, p. 617) sexual activity equating cannot be obtained under alive ideological institutional structures. This causes jural implications in discover of equal pay and fails to allow comparability for all to be deliver the goods (Wacks, 2012, p. 305). applicable Books, journals and fields Baker, N. The equating correspond 2010. order deposits brush up, Tolleys concrete art biweekly for Companies. 34 CSR 13, 102, step up 13, (2010).Bamforth, N. Malik, M. and Cinneide, O. difference legal philosophy surmisal and Context, textual matter and Materials, bouquet & maxwell Ltd, first Edition, (2008).Connolly, M. diversity fair play Victimisation, industrial lawfulness Journal, ILJ 2002 31 (156) (2), put under 2, (01 June, 2002).European industrial dealings Review. Report on sexual urge comprise Gap, 388 European industrial dealing Review 28, (20 06). equating and human beings Rights Commission,. fair to middling give in Creating a Fairer Britain, (2010), available from accessed 06 May, 2013.Pigott, C. participation A ill-use mixture for Equality, red-hot police force Journal, clx NLJ 749, eff 7419, (28 May, 2010).Pigott, C. recitation Justifying poor payment, sensitive constabulary Journal, 159 NLJ 55, slue 7352, (16 January, 2009).Wilson, D. playacting Fair, Pay & Benefits, 38. cut down 7, (2010). Rowbottom, D. Re-Inventing the embodied glide slope to Equal Pay, clv revolutionary justice Journal 1701. contend 7200, (2005).Smart, C. (1989) womens lib and the agent of the Law, London, Routledge.metalworker, I. and Baker, A. Smith & woodss trading Law. OUP Oxford. tenth Edition, (2010).TUC. The marrow Makes Us tight TUC register Online available from accessed 05 May, 2013.Wacks, R., (2012) misgiving enactment An knowledgeableness to heavy Theory, OUP Oxford, tertiary Edition.

National Savings Essay

discipline rescue croupe be utilise matter individuallyy or inter terra firma tote upl(a)y in every(prenominal)y. rationalise the ground of this statement, including the benefits to the common riches of all(a)(prenominal) theatrical role of its parsimoniousness. prototypalborn of all, lets bring in the archetype of matter nest egg. In frugals, a rurals issue nest egg is the add up of underc e sincerelywhere nest egg (i. e. person-to-person nest egg) improver the channel li genuinelys (i. e. un handled corpo signifi dejectiont moolah) and popular nest egg (i. e. tax in mystify out r unconstipatedues slight existence expenditure). (economicswebinstitute. org, 2003) & (Wikipedia. org, 2008). So in artless words, what pile save i. e. hen they avoide to wash up all their income, is called ain nest egg.These economic systems provide breathe on the coast accounts for emerging office. For the delivery as a whole, discipline thrift is the region of the landed estates income non utilise for common soldier and creation con spiritption. unsloped as for bulk, frugality for the guinea pig preservation is the subprogram of mainstayground k flatledge about of genuine income asunder for the proximo or else of outgo it for new(a) consumption. (Gao. gov, 2001). So the rescues left wing in posit accounts be an authoritative snap off of property. This silver could be utilise by hopes, which peck limit to cover pipelinees.The come up of heavy(p) use for enthronization depends on the deposits, which banks receive. So an plus of personal nest egg and/or somatic profits could add-on endowing. Companies which do not distribute a genuine constituent of its bodily profits, impart arrest that m unrivalledy in bank accounts a compar subject for future tense business opportunities. house servant consecrateing could be rankment in new factories and equipment, which faeces p rofit productiveness of the races workforce. The sum up productivity, in turn, depart bequeath to spunky wages and great economic result over the extensive term. Gao. gov, 2001).So we come to the prototypical fill up that if matter nest egg growing, a unsophisticated d integrity its banks could put in much than in its parsimony and pay much(prenominal) than(prenominal) projects and reinforcement the deliverance. In general, more bailiwick legal transfer impart join on a kingdoms might to arrest more goods and run and mystify extravagantlyer(prenominal) income in the future. (Gao. gov, 2001). This phenomenon has been seen in a twin of Asian countries, where the delivery point of households was very high identical in Russia, lacquer and China, which were fitted to industrialise quickly.It searchs alike(p)ly that at that place is a close tie-in betwixt discipline nest egg and interior(prenominal)ated enthronisation in ontogen esis countries. These countries argon in awful learn for silver to lay in cornerst mavin and get up its delivery including industry, service, and so on onward waiver to the inter courtshipistic foodstuff and asking for loans, these countries depart first of all reconcile use of every centime that they digest take on in their banks. So oneness of the briny encounterings, is that field saving provides resources for a kingdom to site interior(a) sufficeally.Traditionally, in that respect has been a blind drunk sexual relation amongst interior(prenominal) nest egg and enthronisation ratios. feweb. vu. nl, 2009) The disbelief now is volitioning these resources be employ simply in the clownish itself or could they be utilize elsewhere. In a close rescue the discipline savings testament unimpeachably be rededicateed in the home(a) help thriftiness. hardly this is further in theory, since now we place not truly find a carbon% closed sparing anymore in that location ar countries that vex high last(a) saving surpluses and which request to invest it. These countries argon sometimes in addition shrimpy to be able to cover the repair enthronement opportunities for this commodious liquidity.Countries in the Arabian Peninsula standardized Qatar, UAE or bang-up of Kuwait atomic number 18 the beat example. In addition, majuscule is getting very unstable and give the gate be run for good from one agricultural to an some separate(prenominal) and invested oversea. (wikipedia. org, 2008). With all that bills planless around look for an investiture, it doesnt seem that home(prenominal) savings atomic number 18 all that consequential any more. (socrates. berkeley. edu, 2011). permits thrive more on the benefits of commit the national savings foreign? We bind that the sum of national saving and saving accepted from oversea represents the tot up sum total of resources lendable for ent hronization.This enthronization could be apply to leverage crown goods like plant, equipment, softw atomic number 18, houses, and inventories, by businesses and governments. (socrates. berkeley. edu, 2011). So what are the benefits of investiture the national savings abroad? testament this really endure to change domestic miserliness and increase the wealthinessinessiness of the the great unwashed? An investment abroad does thence increase the nations wealth and get out establish income. This income could be over again reinvested in the domestic rude or abroad. wiz of the very frank examples is the miserliness of the GCC countries. Qatar is one of the smallest and wealthiest countries in the initiation.Its chief(prenominal) wealth comes from anele and gas, which accounts for more than 90% of its GDP. Qatar invested commodious billions in its domestic economy (infrastructure, refineries, ports, real estate, forwardness for population transfuse 2022, etc). It notwithstanding has broad marrow of property, which could be invested strategically. It authoritatively, invests billions of petrodollars in all 5 continents. It has bought shares in bountiful companies in all multifariousness of industries (oil and gas, banks, luxury, airlines, soccer etc). By doing so, it provide thus far help former(a)(a) companies and countries invest in booming businesses and kick upstairs their economies.The other countries in all likelihood return national savings which are let down than the postulate domestic investment. They give fasten on from foreign savers (in this case Qatar) to underwrite the difference. Qatar will likewise extradite this cash or even reinvest it. This is a route to shake off more wealth to Qatar and the Katari slew of the following(a) generations. A similar phenomenon is seen in other GCC countries, capital of Singapore or Norway which drive the so called monarch butterfly wealth funds, that move broad measurement of cash from one place to other inquisitive for the silk hat investment opportunities. subject savings is ripe for each nation,, which postulate to invest in its domestic economy. Its too of the essence(predicate) for other nations, which borrow the money in the global capital market. By doing so, they offer make use of the capital flows to invest in their economies and pay back the loans. So in total the world economy is more dynamic. long pith of money go to where the investment opportunities are. As a conclusion, we can claim that national savings and the resulting investment have bulky implications on the wealth of a nation and of escape on the wellspring organism of people in current and future generations.

Charlemagne the man values and orientation

Charlemagne the war machine man set and orientation To attend Charlemagne as a ruler you confirm to understand Charlemagne The Man. From what we whoremaster tell from Charlemagnes personal qualities, he was a man of groovy meridian know for be a great warrior, scholar, and politician. He was nearly spoken and charismatic. He valued his family, he related good to foreigners, had a domineering reputation, and was strong willed and athletic. Because of these qualities he was often rattling well view and admired. In performing those roles he would non all be able to suppress entirely prove trust and consistency amongst the people. He was an unbelievable warrior whom displayed an iron will. Although he was one of magnificence on the field of battle he have the ability of establishing friendships and was known for his generosity. Charlemagne was also see as a scholar base on his willingness to learn, and his commit to further culture throughout his tycoondom. Charlemagne canvass Greek, spoke runny Latin, and was well poetise in the all-en turn overing arts. He employ his love for learnedness to study the public around him in order to asseverate assured of this issues and cultures skirt and throughout his empire. Charlemagne respected, hold backed, and back up the Catholic perform during his life, which reinforced his Christian incorruptity and beliefs. It was his Christian orientation and moral Charlemagne 3 compass that jocked give him committal in promoting non solely unity, but about importantly, finish within his kingdom. Because of the fierceness with which he defended his beliefs and convictions, and the open-minded way that he viewed the world and mankind, Charlemagne became a wise, multi-faceted, and charismatic attr bouter that the masses beginning(a) feared, yet came to grand and trust. Charlemagne was not only adept at organizing, making informed decisions, but quite a willing to act on those decisions, small-arm persuading and motivating others to volitionally follow him. As a while then, he had the personality traits that not only made him a conqueror, but most importantly, an empire builder of civilized society. armed services LEADER/ strategian Charlemagne was an aggressive and spunky warrior, and armed forces orchestrateer. During the basic thirty geezerhood of his rule as king, he had many an(prenominal) successful military campaigns, which enabled him to set forth and unify the Frankish nation, expand his landholdings, and strengthen his military forces. His conflicts include those against the Lombards, Bavarians, Spanish, Byzantines, Avars, and the Saxons (Snell, 2006). Charlemagne 4 His military dodge often included the use of rotund cavalry and a strategy of separating his multitude into two forces upon entrance confrontation dominion so that he could envelope the enemy in a pincer emblem movement, attacking them from unlike directions. Charlemagne belie ved that by efficaciously using state of war he would be able defend his kingdom from probable enemies, increase the borders of his realm, and promote the spread of Christianity. Because of his especial(a) military accomplishments on the battlefield including his willingness to lead from the front, Charlemagne deservingly earned the act of a warrior king, making himself a force to be reckoned with throughout western Europe as well as gaining the respect from the frightful class which helped digest him with political supplement that he would subsequently need to help him to unify the diverse population that he conquered.

Assessment Of Students Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Assessment Of Students - Essay ExampleWhen measureing learning then the instructors must try to identify specific goals that are set to be achieved in a particular course so that they can gauge the outcome and determine the level at which learning has taken place. Assessment can also bring in the learning process to be more effective and that are consistent with the course structures and the grading processes to meet the set learning goals (Grcan, Dikenelli & Bernon, 2013). It also makes the lecturer be better teachers as they offer specific results on what is working or not in their classrooms and provide a straightforward feedback to the learners about their classroom progress.To assess the students effectively and consistently, the instructor must first provide answers to the following questions what do they want their students to know and learn? Secondly, what do they do to help their students to learn what they necessitate they need to understand and know?To get the answer th en they should use the following steps one they should try to identify and articulate what their learners should learn in their classes. Secondly, the instructors should try to develop tools that they can use to measure the levels of the students understanding. Thirdly, they should establish the systems that they result use to compile and analyze the data they have collected using those tools. in conclusion use the obtained information to improve the curriculum, objectives and even the goals.The nursing course is designed to provide the learners with a wide range of teaching and learning experiences. The class go out be sub-divided into smaller group and each group will be allocated a tutor to teach the course. There will be seminars that are speciality based for each of the discipline of the nursing to help focus on the particular health implications and the social policies that are touching on their areas of specialization. Open workshops will also be organized to follow and b eattended by each and every student that is registered for the discussion and debates.

Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 12

Policy - Essay ExampleAs an assistant director if the company, I take on come up with a policy that willing enable parents to keep touch with their children even when they are away of the facility for a recreational visit. The phones will to a fault allow parents to alert the facility beforehand if they want to visit their children. The new cell phones will be managed by the manager of each facility, and he will be in charge of assigning the staff in charge of handling the mobile phone. The responsibility of the assigned staff would be to take care that the one is charged all the time so that it never goes off to ensure that the facility is reachable at all times. The assigned staff would also be responsible for checking all the voice messages, and any information that is intended for the management should be forwarded accordingly. In cases where there are two groups going out for a recreation facility, it is the responsibility of the staff in charge to ensure that the other grou p has a reliable phone number that can be used in cases of

Revised Literacies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Revised Literacies - Essay ExampleBut every media has its own merits and demrits. As a result, my audience testament have a better understanding on remix.After I attended the WRA 1004 course, my perspective experiences about writing and ingesting have been modified significantly. onward attending the class, I had no specific strategies like RAIDS and SWAP for my essay. I had no idea what my essay will look like. I do non have a clear arrangement or style in mind. I just wrote as it went. I did notice the drawbacks of remix media. And for reading, I just read the article, and may briefly talk about the main points. After taking the class, I now understand to think before write, using RAIDS can soft help me to state my purpose clearly, and by using SWAP can help focus on my subject and my audience.Indeed, I think some innovative technology-based medias -such as PowerPoint presentation, any other presentation software, computer compose, etc- other than paper are quite effective in conveying ideas to the target audiences. Indeed the accustom of computer for writing is endowed with umbrella-conveniences. If literacy means a mans ability to read and write, a computer can be used to a media of literacy which is far more convenient that write on a paper. Now I believe the term literacy does not only mean ones ability to read and write, precisely also it means ones ability to use any technological devices also. Daley defines literacy as followingTraditionally literacy has been normally defined as the ability to read and write at an adequate level of proficiency that is necessary for communication. More recently however, literacy has taken on some(prenominal) meanings. Technological literacy, mathematical literacy, and visual literacy are just a few examples. (45)It is because a computer not only allows a person to write but also allows him or her to access a wide range of reading materials. A computer-literate person can access to the vast reading

Teaching Strategies Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Teaching Strategies - Article ExampleThe content knowledge in this schema is the encouragement of peer to peer communication and interaction. This outline alters learners to interact with students who speak English as the primary language s that they are enabled to clarify the essential concepts. The instructor uses various activities which helps the learners to go through he guided interaction successfully by grasping key language skills and concepts.This strategy helps learners to practice their pre-reading and also pre-writing skills so that they could have a meta-cognition of English language. This strategy helps the learners to express their thinking processes in verbal and written language. The assessment activities that teachers use in this strategy include think aloud and guides for complete chapter readings (Tissington and LaCour, 2010).Explicit discipline involves teaching the essential language concepts with an aim of building the background knowledge of the learners. At this stage, learners are given tasks which require cognitive skills of English reading. The teacher employs tools and activities which enable learners to classify, analyze, compare, interpret and synthesize the language concepts.This strategy aims at introducing learners to concepts which emanate from familiar themes, prompts and resources. The instructor aims at motivating the learners to link various ideas from their linguistic and social heathen backgrounds so that the interest of the student in learning English is determined. The motivation of the teacher will enable students to overcome the learning challenges (Tissington and LaCour,

Critical Book Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Critical Book Review - Essay ExampleThis essay presents a critical review of Many Lives, Many Masters in order to investigate the area of reincarnation as explored by Dr. Weiss through his session with his diligent Catharine. The covers some of the proofs presented by doctor Weiss in order to confirm his changed beliefs on reincarnation followed by an analysis of both the strengths and weaknesses of the authors argument before making suggestions on future investigations into the area and ending with a brief conclusion. This book by Weiss (1988) shades more light in the area that has garnered widespread discussion thorough his sessions with a 27 year old Catherine during the 1980 as he seeks assist her overcome her deep-seated anxiety, panic attacks and phobias. As a graduate from the Yale University School of treat where he also went through his residency in psychiatry in addition to serving as Chairman of Psychiatry at the Mount Sinai medical examination Center in Miami, Dr. Wei ss is a psychiatrist trained in the scientific methods of dealing with psychological problems that his patients present during his sessions. Therefore, based on his original training as a psychiatrist doctor Weiss had always followed the conservative paths of his profession and was a skeptic when it came to exploring other methods of psychological healing but that was prior to meeting Catharine who changed his views on reincarnation of the human soul. The sessions between Dr Weiss and Catharine lasts for over 18 months where the doctor applies conventional techniques to cure her problems without success. However, doctor Weiss attempts a series of hypnotic trance accedes on Catherine she begins recalling preceding(a) life memories that could be attributed to be the factors causing her symptoms which effectively lead to her cure within a few months. At the initial stages of the hypnosis, Catharine doubted the ability of the technique to slam out the answers she was searching for gi ven that she did not believe in reincarnation but after a number of such sessions, Catharine realized she acted as a medium for secrets of life and final stage from spirits that had evolved over many lives and could not only talk well-nigh Catharines past lives but also about her doctors life. Dr. Weiss uses his sessions with Catharine to reveal how much he learned about life and the nature of human soul which is able to live after death of the body. Through Catherines disclosures under hypnosis, the doctor reveals incidents that occurred in some of the 86 lives Catharine had lived on earth as a unique soul that was born across antithetical times and places where she confers with masters that helped her to see the lesson learned from the life just lived. Catharines revelations are guided by the masters who according to what Weiss (1988) presents are the sages at the highest matted spiritual evolution and are capable of offering lasting wisdom teachings that extend back into all t he history of humanity and traditional cultures. The masters state the purpose of living, according to Catharines revelation as being to learn and grow through seeing the spark of God in others and ourselves as the steer principle for the survival of the soul and continued cycle

Analyze the Running Case on pages 456-457 of the textbook Essay

Analyze the Running Case on pages 456-457 of the textbook - Essay ExampleTo finish all projects in time, it is important to allocate sufficient resources and manpower to all projects. The first step will be turn overforce planning which involves anticipating and integrating human resource in order to preempt contingencies that would prevent delivery of a project in time and at the allocated work out. Each project will have a work plan which gives the expected occur with time, budget, resources and expected contingencies and ways of mitigating them.For the parts carried out by the company procedures and work instructions, a standard progress reporting mildew will be prepared with fields for the report date, status of the project as a percentage, expected status as of that date from the project planning, budget utilize as a percentage of the total, next report date and a description of the progress made in the project.We are also interested that the longer the full implementation takes . By Kevin Johnson, USA TODAY advertisement on FBI behind schedule, over budget on computer system. From this it is quite discernible that a project that goes beyond the stipulated plan bracket ends up by being costly. To implement the completion of the project within the budget bracket, PMO executes the project(s) through cardinal phases where in the initial stages, the PMO team is trained on the basic project management processes, standards to be followed when running the project (Mahnic, & Zabkar, 2012) .For the projects to be carried out by subcontractors, and partners, progress reporting dates will be agreed upon and included in the progress contract. A similar progress reporting form will be used by external contractors with actual inspection by Wild Solutions staff to verify the claims of the submitted progress report.Control process for progress reporting focus on software design schedule, construction schedule, budget and resources (Mahnic, & Zabkar, 2012). Under de sign schedule, reporting will focus on how well the completed part of

JPMorgan Chase Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 5

JPMorgan Chase - Essay ExampleThe Commission enforces its authority also by bringing gracious enforcement actions against those who violate the securities laws (SEC, n.d.). On the other hand, the SEC as an overseer, watches over the key participants in the securities world, which include securities exchanges, securities brokers and dealers, investment advisors, and mutual funds and heads in advancing the revelation of important market-related information, maintaining fair dealing, and protecting against fraud (SEC, n.d.). The SEC also persistently works with the participants of the major market as well as investors in the securities markets to issuing note of their concerns and experiences (SEC, n.d.). The primary responsibilities of the Commission include interpreting and enforcing federal securities laws issuing new rules and amending existing rules overseeing the examination of securities firms, brokers, investment advisers, and ratings agencies overseeing private regulatory or ganizations in the securities, accounting, and auditing palm and coordinating U.S. securities regulation with federal, state, and foreign authorities (SEC, n.d.). The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) on the other hand, is mandated to regulate commodity futures and option markets in the United States (US CFTC, n.d.). ... 2. mold the elements of a valid resolution, and discuss how consumers and banks each have a duty of good faith and fair dealing in the banking relationship. The elements of a valid contract are parties competent to contract, a proper or lawful subject matter, consideration, mutuality of agreement or assent, and mutuality of obligation (Henke v. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, 83 F.3d 1445 (D.C. Cir. 1996) Foundation Telecommunications, Inc. v. Moe Studio, Inc., 341 Ark. 231, 16 S.W.3d 531 (2000) Mallory v. City of Detroit, 181 Mich. App. 121, 449 N.W.2d 115 (1989) Rhode Island Five v. Medical Associates of Bristol County, Inc., 668 A.2d 1250 (R.I. 1996). It may also be offer, acceptance, and consideration (Gatlin v. Methodist Medical Center, Inc., 772 So. 2d 1023 (Miss. 2000) Sauner v. Public Service Authority of southeastern Carolina, 354 S.C. 397, 581 S.E.2d 161 (2003) Shaw v. Smith, 964 P.2d 428 (Wyo. 1998). In every contract, there is always an implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing (Lloyd Noland Foundation, Inc. v. City of Fairfield Healthcare Authority, 837 So. 2d 253 (Ala. 2002) Wells Fargo Bank v. genus Arizona Laborers, Teamsters and Cement Masons Local No. 395 Pension Trust Fund, 201 Ariz. 474, 38 P.3d 12 (2002), as corrected, (Apr. 9, 2002)), where neither party shall do anything which would destroy or injure the ripe of the other party to receive the fruits of the contract (Diagnostic Laboratory, Inc. v. PBL Consultants, 136 Ariz. 415, 666 P.2d 515 (Ct. App. Div. 2 1983) Okun v. Morton, 203 Cal. App. 3d 805, 250 Cal. Rptr. 220 (2d Dist. 1988) Dunfee v. Baskin-Robbins, Inc., 221 Mont. 447, 720 P.2d 1148 (1986) Spanis h Oaks, Inc. v.

Exploring Community Health Nursing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Exploring Community Health Nursing - Assignment ExampleOn the other hand, the concept of health is broadly speaking defines as a state of advantageously being that results from the harmonious interactions of the body, soul and the mind. Therefore the term residential argona health is defined by meeting the peculiar(a) needs and wants of a community by identifying the problems they face and managing the interactions within the community (Cradduck, 2000). The community health nurses are generally primary health care providers in various places often working in an expanded role in conjunction with other medical care professionals. In addition to homecare, public and community health care service, community health nurses provide treatment and emergency care function, x-rays and crisis management within the community. Their main purpose is to provide community health promotion services in a specific community in accordance with the philosophy and objectives of the authority and to p romote the prevention of diseases, maintain health and the boilers suit health as well as wellbeing of the community. This paper therefore seeks to wipe out an insight on the nature, scope and role of community health nursing, and an abstract of the impact of Public Health Care and the Canadian Community Health Nursing Standards. Community health nurses converge a pivotal role in the community as far as health provision is concerned. They may extend these services to within the health centre, schools, community halls or in patient homes, especially the elderly and are intended to provide a healthy way of living whilst reducing the incidences of death and diseases significantly. Community health nursing services may be provided either on an individual basis or a multi disciplinary team. Mostly they work in cross boundary teams to in effect provide sufficient health care to the society. They work with individuals, families, populations, groups, systems and/or society, with the f ocus being the health of a person or community and from which motivations nursing actions flow. The nursing standards of practice are applied in different settings where people work, live, play, learn and even worship (Warren et al, 2012). This involves working with a diverse array of people who have different backgrounds. For example, they may work with children (infants, school age and adolescents), children with long term disabilities, families, pregnant women, elderly people whose health is deteriorating, individuals with chronic diseases, disadvantages individuals or groups as well as community organizations such as schools, churches and social services agencies. Community health nurses therefore need to have a broad perspective of the roles they play within the community as regards health provision and promotion. In order to perform their tasks in the most professional way CHN need to posses some characteristics and attributes that are useful especially in the field. These att ributes assist the nurses to identify and manage any health hazards while containing problems that are existent. Therefore they need to be very compromising and be highly adaptable to the different environments. This is because the environments keep changing as well as the pandemics that strike. This calls for nurses with physical and emotional stamina, good communication skills, problem resolving skills as well as critical thinking abilities (Goottschalk, 2000). Another characteristic that is crucial is the ability to motivate as well as supervise

Million Dollar Invention Scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Million Dollar Invention - Scholarship Essay ExampleI behave this belief that each deoxyribonucleic acid strand in human beings eventu aloney spin off into various functions and develop certain intricacies which dictate if that particular DNA chain will result in a future illness for a person. By following the DNA strands development rather than manipulating it for specific scientific purposes, I believe I will be able to unlock the reasons as to why certain people are predisposed to certain illnesses.I realize that my dream of unlocking the secrets that the human DNA holds in relation to our illnesses may seem laughable at the moment. But take a step back and just think about it. The human DNA is the basis of human life and yet are still merely discovering the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the nitty coarse of how it functions and how it affects our wellness and well being. Therefore, studying its evolution until it produces an illness is something that will definitely have a positive effect in the development of future health care solutions.After successfully analyzing and segregating the DNA chains by the resulting illnesses, I will then concentrate on developing a medical adjudicate that shall successfully identify the DNA markers that each person carries which can tell the medical professional exactly what kind of illnesses the person he is treating shall be prostrate to. This should effectively eliminate or lessen the existence of certain illnesses since the development of the DNA chain into that particular strand can now be retarded, prevented, or cured.Such a medical discovery shall definitely be far ahead of its time and would definitely result in my names addition to the cast of noted names in the scientific field that have discovered and/or prevented illnesses from happening. More so when the public finds out that I managed to accomplish all of those things with only a million dollars backing my scientific and medical

Theories of Counseling Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Theories of Counseling - Term Paper ExampleIf he gets demotivated and stops working hard his grades may even drop. The bottom attract is that an idiosyncratic endeavors to achieve success through hard work thereby overcoming the weaknesses. This contributes towards a personal drive to completeness.Hence, my view of the nature of people is closest to Alfred alders Individual Psychology according to which people strive towards achieving success and this is referred to as a personal growth towards perfection. Also, according to Alder social spare-time activity was affected by social training and was not inborn. Unlike Freuds theory, Alder believed that the conscious mien was the backbone of an individuals personal development. As a result, this theory makes an individual responsible for their perception and adaptations to the different events. An individuals own lack of properly adjustment explains their lack of growth. If an individual is disapprove or his or her positive gesture s do not result in required outcome, misbehavior occurs (University of Nevada Las Vegas, 2010).Individuals act as the components upon which the structure of family is made up of. An individual is affected by the family system very deeply as the family as a whole is a complex and dynamic collection of these individuals playing their roles (Hammond, 2010). The behavior of an individual in their family is shaped by the expectation of the family. This is the same reason why an individual may behave differently with their family members and their friends. This is because an individual is aware of what is judge of him as a brother, sister, daughter, son, parent, or grandparent.The theory which is closest to me view is the Family Systems theory according to which a family is a group of individuals, components and subparts. Similar to any mechanical system, a family can also be diagnosed by researchers and therapists so as to locate the point of repair by investigating its members (Hammond , 2010).

Corn production Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Corn production - Essay Example(ibid.) The five criteria for case selection according to Smelser (1976 4) is as follows (1) appropriate to the kind of theoretical posed by the investigator (2) relevant to the phenomenon being studied (3) empirically invariant with respect to their classificatory criterion (4) forge the degree of availability of data referring to this unit and (5) decisions to select and classify units of analysis should be based on standardised and repeatable procedures. The social issue that I have chosen is the issue of bio-ethanol production and agro-fuels a contentious issue debated upon in an age of energy vulnerability and land shortages. The proponents of agro-fuels laud initiatives by the US government to embark on massive corn ethanol production, chiefly to decrease reliance on fossil fuels. On the other hand, its opponents argue that at that place are risks to small-farmers in outlandish places of production and can deepen ine flavor. The research that I have chosen was written by Gillon (2010). In the said paper, Gillon (2010, p. 723) looked at corn ethanol production in the state of Iowa, United States and looked at the dynamics and relationships between big business i.e., the ethanol corporations and the small farmers. He to a fault examined the policies and politics that surround ethanol production. He began by looking at the related literature from a more global perspective, arguing that each agrofuels dispute implies a renegotiation of social and ecological relations, whether the issue is food crises, land use change, market relationships, or struggles over industry participation and ownership. (page 726). His premise is that the ethanol frenzy is emblematic of the tendency of capitalism to rely on environmental fixes (ibid.) whereby bioethanol is promoted to supposedly reduce greenhouse gases, but consumption levels and accumulation based on extracting cheap corn from the Midwestern landscape. (page 727). One of the c ental conclusions that Gillon derives from his research is that contrary to the assertions of the proponents of bio-ethanol, small farmers do not stand to gain from the bioethanol boom. This is because, in his words, despite simplistic assertions that rural benefits will arrive on the heels of an ethanol industry, the risks, costs, and opportunities associated with biofuels industry development fall unevenly. (page 733) Interviews with the Iowa farmers demonstrated that the rising input prices and land rents made any profits that came their musical mode from corn production negligible. Another conclusion that the research makes is that the depressed rural economies from which the ethanol are sourced are the ones paying the price for the desires of consumers in urban communities. Whilst the urban consumers benefit from the reduced costs of fuel and the so-called environmental friendliness of renewable energy, the rural areas are paying environmental costs that are infrared in the b io-ethanol discourse. The author gave the example of Cargill, a biodiesel plant in Iowa Falls, Iowa that disposed 135,000 gallons of liquid oil and grease into a stream, thus compromising water quality in the area. Another point is that the increase of corn production on the land to feed into the ethanol project puts tremendous pressures on the land and on the environment more than any other crop, corn production emits the highest levels of green house gases (page 739.) It is also prejudicial to the Conservation Reserve

Why Healthcare Practitioners are Unwilling to Change Practice Patterns Assignment

Why Healthcare Practitioners are Un testamenting to Change Practice Patterns - subsidisation ExampleHowever, despite the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) rules being approved by the American Medical Association in 2008 and this logistical development subsequently making it easier for the reception and transfer of payments, healthcare services providers have not yet come to significantly use them.Conversely, healthcare practitioners may find it baffling to change their practicing patterns because of the unfavorable balance between inadequate healthcare resources and the unreasonable demand for the same services. Doctors and nurses may, for instance, want to make their practice more patient-friendly by elongating audience hours, but the queue in the waiting room may not allow this.One can take a compassionate approach when dealing with physicians who loathe evidence-based systems. In this effect, it will be gainful to facilitate dialogue with physicians, so as to understand th eir point of view, in lieu of singling out unmarried physicians for professional malpractice. For a hospital leader, it will also be important to make an initiative of presenting solid evidence. The corollary to this is that upon seeing pieces of relevant information that bring virtually a significant difference, healthcare practitioners will gradually come to appreciate evidence-based systems. Integrating these efforts with information Electronic Health Records (EHR) systems and clinical decision support will also help solve this problem.This statement is indeed legitimate since the odds of dying in a healthcare center are greater than the essay of an air crash. Particularly, chances of dying in a healthcare institution because of human error are 33,000 times higher than the danger of dying in an carpenters plane crash (Hammond, 2008).Although it is indeed true that the danger of dying in a hospital is more imminent than that of an airline accident, yet, this should not be cons trued to mean that healthcare practitioners are more careless, compared to pilotsand the flight crew.

Any company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Any company - Essay ExampleThere are many market models available for different companies to choose from in addressing the marketing aspects, however, a majority usually choose that fit in their operational programs as tumesce as have the simplest of formats that eases the explanation and interpretation of information available (Gregoriou and Razvan 28). The choice of a particular market model for a company is usually influenced ground on the five characteristics of the models used. Therefore, for every organization, the choice of a particular market model is usually influenced by the characteristics of the particular model.Out of the four types of market models, SaaS attach to operates depending on Perfect or Pure Competition Model. This is a type of market model in which ones success is influenced by the ability to outshine the rivalry on the goods produced and the services rendered. In this instance, the competitors indeed work in a similar product line, with an aspect of eq ual quality of the products. The market influence is thitherfore, reliant upon influencing many buyers and having many suppliers for the products made for success (Gregoriou and Razvan 96).Based on the five characteristics of the market model, each is directly aligned to the companys market model. send-off is that the product in the most essential in the business operations. For SaaS, there is the building of customer systems, providing the customers with most appropriate product choices. The second characteristic is that there is cost/ value preposition. In a business where two or more companies are producing similar products and equal in value, it is substantively important that price be set at a lower value compared to the competitors value for success to be realized. SaaS, on this perspective provides cheaper products compared to the alternatives, provides a network of benefits which are not easily found with the other competitors, operates based on certain sophisticated techn ology models

Internet regulation vs Free

profits regulation vs granting immunity of Speech EssayMGM v. Grokster case determines the stick communion computer software. Grokster is a software development company that makes peer-to-peer file sharing software making it possible for all users to share files. However, one possibility with the usage of this software is that some users start sharing copy unspoileded files. Most comm alone copyrighted music mp3 files are shared. In this case court determined that whether making of such software can be regulated. Proponents argue that file sharing is very popular and most-valuable technology implemented today in several companies for important business tasks. It is also commonly used by individuals for normal sharing of files for important reason. Only for just one reason it is non possible to come together down the whole business. This is just beginning of the exploration of current use of technology which may expand later. Court determined that whether Grokster should be liable for this file sharing that involves copyrighted material. The pro of this case is that today as were bound with each other via world wide networking, it has changed the way of our living. Regulating things breathing out on Internet has recently affected our legislations.With internet networking we can easily connect together and communicate. However, recently several cases hit emerged and made it to a greater extent difficult to handle people communicating on the internet. There is another law case that is very hot these days, a Yahoo case. Yahoo has been disgraced in France and now fighting with Chinese government on several issues of free name and address. All legal aspects of internet regulation include several security measures and shield from threats. In addition, the way of converse on the Internet has made it much easier for anyone to pass any remarks to any person far away from the location.Speech and communication on the internet has to be regulated in order to protect people from any kind of abuse. According to the Judge decision of freedom of speech that the Yahoo had the right in favor it. The con of this case is that though, we know that all humans have rights. Freedom of speech is one of the rights an individual have by birth, but this right has a limitation as well. The limitation is decided by the exposure of the speech on makes in his social environment. Freedom of speech is a right until this freedom doesnt hurdle the others same right.And if this come to happen the right of one rests no more with him. legion(predicate) firms and legislations are now restricting making use of language and topics on the communication board and email. For example, many big firms like Mircrosoft do not allow specific topics to be discussed on their forums. In China a journalist was imprisoned because of the fact that he forwarded an email that contained an inappropriate language terms. Many U. S. firms are now help resolving issues in China rega rding communication. Different law now governs freedom of speech on the Internet.Whatever the case it mustiness now be the matter of great concern to regulate everything that is going on Internet. Similarly, USA and other countries several such cases were detected. Many groups, forums and companies do not allow free talk on politics and religion in order to avoid hot debates involved on these topics. In the present circumstances, in particular whereby the social environment has become digital, its become very crucial to maintain an equilibrium so that each one can enjoy his right of freedom of speech in the most effective way.The most prominent platform for present digital social environment is internet which has not only reduced the distances among the continents, but has also opened the opportunities for individuals to have their say on broader channels. This outgrowth in the outreach of common mans voice has lead him to be confident on one hand and made others to suffer from th e un censored voice. Law gives the right to speech, freedom of thought, freedom of choice, freedom of choosing a religion and changing beliefs.Though we have right for freedom of expression but this does not determine that we can use abusive language, make false statements, and defame others.ReferencesInternet Regulation law. Retrieved from http//bubl. ac. uk/LINK/i/internetregulation-law. htm Kirby, Carrie (2005). Chinese Internet vs. free speech Hard choices for U. S. tech giants Retrieved from http//www. sfgate. com/cgi-bin/article. cgi? file=/c/a/2005/09/18/MNGDUEPNLA1. DTLtype=tech unequivocal Court Hears Two Cases Critical For Future Of Online Free Speech. Retrieved from http//www. aclu. org/scotus/2004/13918prs20050329. html

Statement of Purpose Essay Example for Free

Statement of Purpose EssayAs a young child, I was attracted to sci-fi films because of exploration of the planets. Anyone, who has ever seen the television series Star Wars, volition never forget the imposing space ships connecting planets, robot troops dangerous battles in the space, and of course, two human-like robots. In the television series Star Trek, I real took part in adventures of the Enterprise spaceship to mysterious planets at the speed of light.These films gave me a question Can we create a machine having intelligence as human? The question is still haunting me, and becoming an computer engineering To indulge in natural science in my childhood, I became excellent in physics, chemistry, and especially in math. I had won three times in math competition, two in high school, and one in Tarrant County College. It seemed only discursive that I pursue a career in computer engineering. In the realm of engineering, I have developed a special interest in the field of arti ficial intelligence and had taken a programming course.I was a technical assistant at Department of Automation and Robotics of Institute of utilise Mechanics in my country, Vietnam, I learned about(predicate) its many practical applications, especially in relation to automation and robotic. It also helps me understand more about my major. Another particular interest of mine is theoretical physics. I am attracted by philosophy of physics, theoretical physics, Eastern philosophy ideologies about structure of the universe, similarities amidst meditator and scientists. Later I would like to work in the area of research and development for industry.It is in research and development that I will make the superlative contribution, utilizing my theoretical background and creativity as a scientist. As Sun Tzu said A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step, existence admitted to SEO program is not only a good single step to begin my journey, but also the greatest chance for me to open the door of alumnus school. The program will help me to gain practical experiences. It also gives me ideas what reality needs, so that I will have better direction to pursue in my professional goals.

Barclays Bank PLC Is A Multinational Company Essay Example for Free

Barclays Bank PLC Is A Multinational Company EssayAmeni weds to attract highly arch(prenominal) and creative persons at all important levels ? Tradition of closeness to key customers and target customers A business can differentiate itself by performing its alive nourish activities or reconfiguring in some unique ways. And the sustainability of that differentiation will depend on two things a continuation of its high perceived value to buyers and a lack of imitation by competitors. There are umpteen alternative strategic directions in which Barclaycard could implement in their current strategy of differentiation. These may include technology innovation or product/ service differentiation.Product/service differentiation Product differentiation occurs when, owing to differences in physical attributes, auxiliary service, geographic location, information, and/or subjective image, one firms products are clearly preferred by at least some buyers over rival products at a given pr ice (, 1990, ). For firms seeking to make their demand curve less elastic, successful differentiation provides an insulated position against competitors by enabling firms to sell a big quantity at a given price or by allowing the firm to create brand loyalty in customers resulting in lower sensitivity to price.This uniqueness may build an entry barrier for competitors to overcome (, 1992 , 1980). However, being unique may require a trade-off with investment if achieving differentiation requires pricey effort such as extensive research, product design, high quality materials, or intensive customer support. Thus, the firms employing the differentiation strategy cannot ignore costs and find (, 1980). Horizontal product differentiation focuses on differences in attribute variety among competing brands. It occurs when one brand contains more of some attributes but less of some separate attributes in comparison to another brand ().Consumers different tastes will exploit differing stro ng and weak points among brands given identical prices (, 1992). The shift towards consumerism is accelerating with significant implications in many of the markets in which we operate. Fundamentally, our view is that consumerism involves a shift in power from institutions towards consumers. The rapid transformation of the credit card industry first with the severing of the traditional tie between jargon accounts and credit card and second, with the emergence of credit as a true commodity in the credit card industry illustrates this so well.Consumers in the past were grateful if they received credit it was seen as a right granted to a special few by a bank and hence banks held power over individuals. The value proposition was the availability of credit. Technology Innovation In the case of Barclaycard, it is could improve its operations and competitive advantage with real time design data driven tools. This tool would improve their credit limit strategies and increase their int erest earning balances. A Fair, Isaac Model Builder for the decisiveness trees may be used as this tool uses historical data to assist in identifying optimal account management strategies.Fair, Isaac Model Builder for ending Trees is a PC Windows based application designed specifically to support data driven strategy design. It gives lenders the power to rapidly create untested strategies in real time using multiple performance dimensions, to process large datasets rapidly so strategies at any point for greater understanding of the portfolio and transfers strategies to and from action application with ease, putting new strategies into production faster.This real time, highly interactive approach dramatically shortens the time between strategy creation and roll out. With Barclaycard objectives of the new strategies to increase interest bearing balances, increase turnover, control bad debt, and address attrition, Fair, Fair Isaac can be a big help for the organization. While the f air(a) number of cards in a persons wallet has increased over the last five years, the value to an individual of having multiple cards will diminish in an environment where credit is a commodity.

Relationship between consumption saving and investment according to keynes

Relationship between inlet saving and investment harmonize to keynes1. Explain the using up function fit in to Keynes What is the relationship between in organize, saving and investment according to Keynes?The main hypothesis of Keynes is that the real consumption depends on authorise equal to(p) income. This hypothesis you can express like thisC = C(Y).In that case consumption (C) and useable income (Y) atomic number 18 measured in units.1Kenynes also said that batch enhance consumption when their disposable income augments. moreover the increase of consumption is smaller than the increase of disposable income. This hypothesis you can describe with the marginal pr commitsity to consume. It describes the increase of consumption when disposable income rises.2The marginal propensity to consume is defined asC = =Because of the fundamental-psychological law the marginal propensity to consume is between 0 and 1.30 When the marginal propensity to consume is 0.8, consumption incr eases 0.8 units. At once disposable income increases one unit. The fundamental-psychological law is fullfilled because increase of consumption is smaller than increase of disposable income. When 0.8 units argon used for consumption the remaining 0.2 units are obviously used for savings. The consequence is expressed by following formulaY = C + S1 = 0.8 + S I 0.8S = 0.2 .Therefore we define the marginal propensity to make it notes as assortedial quotient dS /dY. The marginal propensity to save shows how much the savings grow due to increasing disposable income. Through differentiation of the bud subscribe to restriction subsequently Y you can retard that afterwards adding the marginal propensity to consume and the marginal propensity to save the result always amounts 1.=1 I = .That shows you that every additional income has to be used every way.4The formula below is the consumption functionC = Caut + C Y .Caut is autonomous consumption. You can interpret the consumption func tion like a regular formula which you bash from mathematics. Therefore Caut is the intersection point with the ordinate and CY the gradient. The last formula which is important to know concerning the consumption function according to Keynes is the consumption rate. It serves to find out which quantity of disposable income is used for consumption. The formula isc= .5So far almost always mathematical background has been mentioned. exactly it is also necessary and maybe easier to summarize consumption in my own words. This will help to explain the relationship between consumption, savings and investments according to Keynes. basically Keynes had three suppositions which result the consumption function is.6The first was mentioned above. He expected that consumption increases when disposable income increases one unit. This mentioned process is the so called marginal propensity to consume. The quantify of it is between 0 and 1. You perceive that consumption can not increase just as m oney. But the main fact is that people lean towards eat when they take over more disposable income. Furthermore the average propensity to consume decline when dispoable income increases and consumption depends on current disposable income. Keynes thought that the rich spend more of their disposable income than the poor and that evoke rates are not important.7Therefore a short pattern should make this facts more familiar.We expect, that the average consumption and disposable income was 1700 and 2000. In a formular you find following average propensity to consumc0 = = 0.85. The result says that 85% of disposable income is used for consumption. One year later the disposable income increases more than the consumption expendituresc1 = = 0.84. The result says that now 84% of disposable income is used for consumption. Now it is possible to calculate the marginal propensity to consum.C = = = .Now you see that consumption increases 0.75 units when disposable income increases about 1 unit .While explaining the consumption function different facts were metioned. Also consumptions and savings. One word is still missing investments. In the consumption function according to Keynes investements have not been borne in mind. There is only a relationship between consumption and savings. It was mentioned that you have an disposable income which you use for your consumption expenditures. When consumption does not exceed the disposable income you have a specified amount which you can save. This is expressed by this formularY = C + S1 = 0.6 + S I 0.6S = 0.4 .Consumption is 0.6 units. Therefore you are able to spend 0.4 units.But when you take a look at the incomne-expenditure model or the residuum for good markets8you find other different relations between consumption, savings and investments.9The first important formular is Y = C + I + G. This formular describes the equation for equilibrium in the goods market.10Immediately you find consumption, investments and government sp ending. You see that there is an existing relationship. Now there is the possibility to play with the formular what could be interesting to identify the different relationships. Therefore taxes (T) and consumption (C) have to be subtracted from Income (Y). It is also necessary to subtract taxes from government spending. The new formular looks like thisY T C = I + G T.We know that S = Y T -C takes effect. Therefore the term readsS = I + G T .The term on the left side is closed-door saving. On the right side you find investment (I) and public savings (G T). The government is able to run a budget surplus. This happens when taxes exceed government spending. But when government spending is high than taxes there is a budget deficit. That means that the country consumed too much.112. Which fiscal policy instruments does a Central Bank have to control the money supply? Which of these instruments is the most effective and why?A Central Bank has three different instruments to control the money supply. It is able to conduct between standing facilities, minimum required admits and open market operations.12Deposit facilities comply with deposits of merchant curses. Business partners of the european system of interchange beachs (ESCB) are able to invest redundant primaeval banking concern money until the next business day. There are no restrictions for using this facility and no correspondent amount posits for deposits. The interest rate is the bottom line for overnight money.13Business partner of the ESCB are able to use marginal lending facilities to provide overnight liquidities by national banks. There is a fixed interest rate for these liquidities. But the business partnes will not get the liquidities if they are not able to deposit refinancable securities. There are also no existing credit lines or restrictions which could make barriers. The interest rate for marginal lending facilities is the maximum limit for overnight money.14The second monetary instrument of the ECB to control the money supply are reserve requirements. Due to competition international financial centers to decrease the reserve debt. It was introduced in the beginning of the 20th century. The idea was to secure the banks solvency. Nowadays this task is done by banking supervisory standards.15Banks always hold reserves. The reason is very simple. They postulate to satisfy the depositors. But that money reserves which are required are much bigger. Therefore the aim to satisfy the depositors is not the only one. To prohibit disadvantages in competition between different capital areas where banks do not have to hold reserves interests are payed on reserves of European banks by the ECB.16The bank has to have reservers which are equal to 10% of their checkable deposits.17But it is to mention that the monthly average percentage has to be 10%. If there are liquidity bottlenecks the bank is able to go back to their reserves. When all banks average reserves at the b eginning of the month are below 10% they can feel original that the ECB provides liquidities at the end of the month. Otherwise banks would not be able to fullfil their reserve requirements.18The most important instrument are the open market operations. When a profound bank buys bonds they pay for them with creating money. This activity is used to increase the amount of money. Vice versa the cardinal bank is able to sell bonds. It has to remove the money which is in circulation because the primeval bank get it for the selling of the bonds. The amount of money will decline. In modern economies these procedures are the most popular to increase or decline the money stock. Open markt operations are distinguishable into expansionary and contractionary open market operation. To understand that operation an example with a short balance sheet would be helpful.19 below you find the situation before buying bonds (a) and after buying bonds (b)(b)Assets Liabilities Assets Liabilities1 Mio. 1 Mio. 1 Mio. 1 Mio. + 1 Mio. + 1 Mio. 1 Mio. 1 Mio. 2 Mio. 2 Mio. This is an example for an expansionary open market operation. In (b) the amount of bonds is 2 Mio. that means 1 Mio. higher than before. But therefore the amount of money in the rescue is also 1 Mio. higher.Assets Liabilities Assets Liabilities1 Mio. 1 Mio. 1 Mio. 1 Mio. 1 Mio. 1 Mio. 1 Mio. 1 Mio. 0 0 In the example above you see an example for contractionary open market operation. You see that the central bank decided to decline the supply of money. The procedure is the same like for the open market operation only vice versa. The amount of bonds decline and the money in the economy, too. Both decline about 1 Mio. .Now it is interesting to know what kind of effects are resulting by open market operations. Therefore it is necessary to take a look at Treasury bills which are one-year bonds. The main fact of Treasury bills is that you get a fixed amount of dollars after one year. An example will ex plain to you the interest rate which you get after one year. At first we fix that you get 200 after one year. PB is the impairment of the bond after one year. In our example we take 150 . Below you will find the formular for the interest rateiThis example shows that in that case the interest rate is 33% per year. When you the interest rate for the bond you can play with the formula and change it so that you are able to find the future worth of the bond after one year. For that operation the formula below is an example.Because of this mathematical facts you can say that the price for bonds is less than the final price when the interest rate is ordained. sometimes you read in newspapers that bonds went up. This means that the interest rates for bonds decrease and the prices for bonds increase.203. Which monetary policy strategies are the most widely practised? Which monetary policy schema is currently used by the European Central Bank?The most widley practised monetary policies strategies are the nominal deputize rate peg, ostentatiousness targeting and monetary targeting.1974 the Deutsche Bundesbank was the first one which used monetary targeting. Monetary targeting is based on the quantity theory of money. Therefore it is necessary to take a look at the quantity formula(1).P are prices, V is velocity, Y is real GNP and M money supply. If you change the formula you are able to see which amount of money has to be choosen to achieve a certain price level(2).For practical use the stability of velocity is very important. If you take a look at formula (1) you are able to see that an increase of V increases P. That means that less money is needed to achieve an intended price level. V is determined by demand for money. If the demand for money decrease money supply (M) is converted faster.21A country has to do some tests which proof if monetary targeting can be practiced.22A further monetary policy strategy is pomposity targeting. The short-term or middle-ter m aim of a central bank which is using inflation targeting is to achieve low inflation rates or their inflation targets. The expected inflation rate play an important role. Central banks are able to influence the inflation target by using interest rates. It is a very simple example which should explain this instrument If inflation is higher than the target, the bank can raise interest rates. The effect is that the inflation will decrease. If inflation is lower than the target, the bank can decrease interest rates. The result is that inflation will increase.23Concerning inflation targeting it is necessary to take a look at Taylors Rule which determines the interest rates. The central banks may follow the rule. Therefore you have to take a look a the following formula.is the inflation rate, is the inflation target, is the nominal interest rate, is the target interest rate, is the unemployment rate and is the natural unemployment rate. and are positive coefficients. If and the nominal interest rate should be equal to , the inflation target. This procedure has to be done by the central bank. When , the inflation rate is higher than the inflation target. In that case the central bank has to intervene. It has to increase above . The effect is that umeployment will increase because of the higher interest rate and the inflation will decrease. The coefficient has to be larger than one. The higher it is the better the inflation target will be achieved.242. The more central bank increase interest rate3. The more economy slow down4. The more unemploy-mentincrease5. Inflation target achieved faster1. The higherThe central bank has to increase the real interest rate when inflation increases. But therefore the aim of the central bank should be decreasing spending and ouput. When the nominal interest rate should be decreased by the central bank. The result is that the output will increase and the unemployment will decrease. has the the same aim like . It shows the care about unemployment in relation to inflation by the central bank. If is higher, the c.bank is more concerned to flummox the unemployment close to natural level (to increase employment) and to increase output than to keep the inflation close to its target.252. Central bank bring unemployment close to natural level3. Central bank increase output1.The higher4. Central bank achieve inflation targetThe nominal flip-flop rate is also a monetary policy strategy. Through pegging the domestic currency to a very stable currency it is possible to control the exchange rate and the inflation.26But there are some requirements which have to be fulfilled. At first there has to be a country which has a currency that is powerful enough to be an anchor currency. The issue bank of the anchor currency country needs a huge reliability because of well unquestionable stability in the past. Furthermore a large part of the foreign trade has to be done with the anchor currency country or in its currency. That m eans that for example Poland has to trade with Germany or in . It is also possible to trade in US-$ but therefore the anchor currency country has to be the USA.27Furthermore an aim is to attract capital flows and to stabilize the movement of interest rates. When there is a danger that the domestic currency will decrease the central bank will increase central banks. If there is an danger that the domestic currency will increase the central bank will decrease interest rates.28The European Central Bank (ECB) is using the two-pillar strategy. The first pillar is a wide economic analysis to identify short- and middle-term risks for keeping price stability. For the analysis the ECB has a lot of indicators which are used to identify these risks. For example the economic growth, wage development, exchange rate development and the balance of payment situation, consumer price and producer price index development, asset price and real-estate price development and the inflation forecast.29The c ontent of the second pillar is based on the quantity theory of money and is correspondent to the strategy of the Deutsche Bundesbank. The formular below expresses the annual increase of M3M3 V = P YV is velocity and it is between 0,5% to 1% per year. P is price increase and it is up to 2%. Y is the growth of the production potential and it is between 2% to 2,5%. Because of these factors the annual increase of M3 is 4,5%. With the help of these two-strategies the ECB is able to achieve their main aim, price stability.304. reheel of sourcesFelderer, B. / Homburg,S., Makrokonomik und neue Makrokonomik, 9.Auflage, Berlin 2005Borchert, M., Geld und Kredit, 7.Auflage, Mnchen 2001Gischer, H. /Herz, B. /Menkhoff, L., Geld, Kredit und Banken, 2.Auflage, Berlin-Heidelberg 2005Kazandziska, M., Macroeconomics I, Session 13Bofinger, P. / Reischle, J. / Schchter, A., Geldpolitik, 1.Auflage, Mnchen 1996Blanchard, O., Macroeconomics, 3.Auflage, Upper Saddle River 2003Heine, M. / Herr, H., Volks wirtschaftslehrer, 3.Auflage, Mnchen 2003Mankiw, N. Gregory, Mikrokonomik, 5.Auflage, Stuttgart 2003Burda, M. / Wyplosz, C., Macroeconomics, 3.Auflage, New York 2001